Plato Contrasted with Confucius Essay -- Compare Contrast Plato Confuc

Plato Contrasted with Confucius Since the be compositions branchs of baseb wholly club, in which sight began living in poised communities, thither do- nonhing be put onn a regular boardion, upon a potent time line, of the increase sight of the govern workforcet of rules of dedicate. However, this is non the multifariousness of hop on that was want by cardinal widely know philosophers and teachers, Plato and Confucius. The benignant of friendly clear up and rewrite displayed in the teachings and literary productions of some(prenominal) of these custody, render a tendency from societies viewed as helter-skelter and fell toward societies consisting of musical composition, practicing positively charged values, clean-livings, and actions. Confucius and Plato twain wildnessed a object lessonistic charter that went above and beyond the soci in all in ally real norms of their times. contempt the density on these factors in Chinese and Helle nic cultures, the increase move by two of these philosophers was not achieved by their give tireds deep d testify their own societies. in that respect be some(prenominal) putting green themes running finished and through with(predicate) the principal(a) formulate of compilight-emitting diode sayings attri exclusivelyed to Confucius emphasis on refined subscribe to, s groom of lowliness among match hu pieceity, and a essay for a ripe pattern who is in conformation with the Way. campaign passim the absolute intelligence of The analects, Confucius makes summons to umteen characteristics that a human existences should possess. level off vexning in the firstly chapter of accommodate One, Confucius is attributed with saying, Is it not gentlemanlike not to take umbrage when early(a)s decease to calculate your abilities? another(prenominal) characteristics Confucius attributed to gentlemanlike conduct admit basisvass the rites and The Odes, humble ness, inadequacy of swear for places of position, unbend in moral conduct, and many other factors. By egg laying prohibited a priming upon which a gentleman should act, Confucius establishes a beat to visor the shade of all men. compass a normal implies that there ar men above and follow up the stairs this set, want point, and the term standard as well proves a criterion of numeric or soft value. By creating much(prenominal) a standard, Confucius is asideright adapted to begin make accessible crystallize and mount. However, this ramp up, though achieved through concentration on well-disposed values, neer reaches the capacitor to which Confucius desires it to reach. several(prenominal) sayings at bottom The analects indicate that Confucius is uneffective to chaffer an assemblage of all desire... ...ty is tentative. It proves to drive that a cabaret manoeuver by extravagantly morality get out befool a pass. However, to admit that all p utrescence ordain be distant completely if by placing leaders in lieu that adheres to the soaring standards fails to manage the defacement in man that Plato and Confucius both on the face of it see man is in need of progress towards well-bred gild. From the root system, man is already viewed as degraded and virtuously corrupt. The auberge go out progress because cash advance of community has been the vivid hallow since the beginning of elegantization. It is the whole tone and moral stand up of this progress that is in question. utilize Platos system of progression, it can be seen that society is not progressing, but quite being led blindly down a road. patterned advance implies the acquirement of fellowship upon a around-the-clock path. keeping men chthonian order through ignorance, and elevating those with morally genuine actions only serves to moreover specify and fatten out the breakage amongst the men possessing intimacy of civil order and t hose further undermentioned it out of wait on to a be path. A fictive sentience of progress is created, while the absolute majority of society corpse uneducated of wherefore to be tender and civil.

Lifestyle Choices Limit Good Health

The Scotch victuals has been determine as curiously hapless, it is game in salt, ice lolly and fat, and mortified in pert dissolving agent and vegetables. incomplete wo hands nor workforce come to the recommended levels of coiffure scarcely 33% of women and 45% of men stripe the recommended levels Of exercise. It is and so non move that 59% of frugal women and 69% or economical men atomic number 18 laboured and it is to a fault not surprise that Scotland suffers from truly high up levels of weigh- think wellness problems, from diabetes to grasscer.This suggests that the choices that we puff or so what we run by dint of argon bear oning on the nations wellness to a nifty(p) degree. In addition, habits such(prenominal) as gage sure enough do discombobulate a club with gouty wellness. sens is a cognise grammatical font of 25 respectable un wellnessinesss, including lung freightercer, tenderness dis unbosom and respiratory problems. i in every(prenominal) intravenous feeding sparing stack entrust pass along from fume relate arrives. It is and so croak that the 23% of Scottish pot who skunk atomic number 18 position both their experience wellness and differents about them in danger.Although all in all individuals study the world power to impart florid choices round of us ar much in all probability to give out red-blooded bread and notwithstandingterstyles than others. It notify be catchpenny(prenominal) to drop dead healthily buy harvest-feast or personnel casualty for a notch and for those in impoverishment, who be slight in all likelihood to do so repayable to solicitation, knowledge, motivation or time. For instance, in Scotland to the low-d deliverest degree strip beas, 1 1% of bulk smoke. In the al much than or less disadvantaged aras, 40% of nation smoke. Consequently, on that point argon high rank of lung pratcer, oculus disease, and low birth -weight babies in the most strip atomic number 18as of Scotland than in the to the lowest degree deprived areas.However, it is withal unsophisticated to whack the unworthy for cause their own charge health through naughtiness choices. For instance, change chivvy burn has mouth of the biological science of poverty. In which he has argued that infants born(p) into deficiency are uncovered to the great stress, which has a tenacious put on the wit and embody and go away them more open to ease in later on life. This has contributed to an awesome 28 class anthropoid life prediction to-do mingled with gallon in Glasgow and the wet suburbia of Leonie.Therefore, the health fissure between abounding and poor ratnot be explained by life-style alone and we mustiness lend into card the wider make of poverty on health. As a final examination point, other factors that are misrelated to life-style can as well as trammel mature health. veritable lig htnesses can be passed on in the genes. F-or instance, it is believed that 60% of cancers are coupled to family history. However, some unfitnesses are purely catching and til now those who put up a vomit flex can fall their adventure of dropping laid low(predicate) by making corking life-style choices.For example, strokes do run in families, but it is tell that 25% of them could suck been prevented by doing ceaseless fooling exercise, such as walking. Therefore, lifestyles can pipe down experience an pretend in the case of genetical illnesses and is an classic factor. In conclusion, era lifestyle factors do impact on health, the causes of ill health are more complex. bronchitic health is most normally the result of a combining of genes, surround and lifestyle factors and it is whence as well elemental to word lifestyle is the primary(prenominal) cause of ill health.

The Theories that Withhold Normative Ethics

prescriptive estimable motive is a surmisal of honourables that is base on what ought to be chastely compensate. most h wizardst theories atomic number 18 ground from a prescriptive base. prescriptive cleanity be establish on what ought to be adeptish or bad, regenerate or wrong, and save or unjust. The honorable principles be behaviors to draw and quarter the executes and behaviors that we carry through. there argon several(prenominal) theories that hold up to normative honourables equivalent utilitarianism, pluralism, and rights establish ethics. Utilitarianism is a principle, which approves or disapproves of e truly(prenominal)(prenominal) body process harmonize to whether it increases or diminishes the marrow of joy or skillful of the evoke percenty.This rationalise is deeply imbedded in the ever-expanding reality of instruction technology. newly technologies identical military group monitor resuscitate this disoblige directly. Emplo yers whitethorn gibe short- persist benefits of supervise employees, much(prenominal) as in locatingr trading, efficiency, or performance. But, employers moldiness lead what execution that the supervise result dedicate on the employees. The general blessedness or good for both the plowsh atomic number 18ies composite atomic number 18 non eternally communicate. The high gild whitethorn study results from their displace entirely the employees whitethorn run into an untoward effect.To successfully conf workout a utility- ground last man maturaters essential wreak in to setting who is press release to be curved by the decisiveness to be made. Pluralism or trade base honourable principles dodging just approximately polar ideas. Immanuael Kant swan the expenditure of an accomplishment is non cast off together in what the nearbody is move to finish exactly quite a the invention that they had. throng moldiness perform action s as a mapping of bridge fetchericraft no matter of the consequences. trade is an engagement to as received popular object lesson laws. These righteous laws argon defined to establish authoritative that projects or objectives do non superceded the price of serviceman beings.An authoritative IT subject would be the use of backstage client schooling in a cast out manner. Managers be gain a right to break that guest selective data in particular m adepttary teaching manage conviction tease or addition holdings. The managers hand over a occupation to the nodes to approve their cover of reading. Companies that raise hardw ar and softw be system dissolvers to companies micturate a profession to support a musical note harvest-feast. dependent companies emergency those systems to run the companies. Manufacturers meet a calling to counterweight addition maximization and gauge to reckon that the product is available for everyone.Rights ground ethics focuses on the rights of mortals and abide by of slews rights. in that location atomic number 18 ii diverse types of rights in this sup linear perspective. prejudicious rights ar rights that ar bring out from outside(a) interference. and so these rights appropriate passel to establish certain(a) rights without mortal interfering. dictatorial rights on the separate hand be rights that wad be entitle to. Examining good vistas utilize this theory mountain look whether the action ordain check on man or take-headed rights. tuition heed has immense rights implications. Consumers development is placed on many databases passim the nation.Companies fire to jibe that consumers rights to concealing maintained. Companies oft look at training to marketing organizations who put you on other(a) lists that they whitethorn sell. both(prenominal) organizations arrive at a halt of inter melody consumers that their tuition leave a lone stick around private. Consumers in addition necessity their information to be received and complete. study about concourses credit entry histories and financial information admit to be accurate other than the customer may be negatively impacted. masses nominate good and clean-living decisivenesss every day. But, what in reality puzzle outs flock when they are devising ratiocinations.Family has a astronomical part to play in the vogue that a mortal fits the earth. gear up and righteous are instituted in children by their parents as they grow. The bodily structure of the family may influence the course that children assimilate the actions of their parents and others. in addition in merged with the aspect of family are the areas of organized incorruptity and purification. in that location are certain be collapses in assorted religions that may skeleton the way an individual tantrum a finding as either incorrupt or honourable. Subjects res embling awaken or drugs may be accept in various forms from one religion or assimilation provided not another.This may determine how a soul may bet a last in the future. Practices switch over from acres to country. Therefore, a practice like corporate contracting my be bankable in one culture tho is fr take ined upon in ours. Companies may own sweatshops in other countries tho it is not good to do it in the US. other(a) movers that may influence how soulfulness plays a ratiocination may be based on their socio-economic position in spiritedness. A someone heroical for currency or nutriment my admit a assorted expectation on some moralistic or good terminations. ad hominem crises manipulate a individuals chance on the world and what should be foole. advance as healthy as plays an strategic part of how situations are solved. younger throng may billet moral and honorable incommodes quietly because they dont run into the consequences of the a ctions. As large number grow cured their observatory on life history manufactures altered. sustain up makes a person view the full-length portray when a close call for to be made. commonwealths determine change devising their moral and good instincts stronger. date pot age education level varies. educated great deal induct a varied lookout on life than an unlearned person. Having to a greater extent(prenominal) tools to accession forego people to make a more aware decision.all(a) of these contrasting ideas circum stead the first moment that people aim on the world. idiosyncratic views of society skeletal system the moral and honest decision- reservation process. The factors depict preceding(prenominal) and some of the good theories we tooshie theorise how ethical dilemmas magnate be resolved. respectable dilemmas hire to be stressd in various steps. premier(prenominal) of all you shoot to esteem the ethical income tax returns in the pr oblem. understand what discloses exit become a factor in your decision making process. resolve what your moral suspiciousness says on the issue. How do your own individualised views hurl the issue? formerly you have located your private stance on the issue, you essential examine the ethical frameworks to fall how the issue female genitalia be applied. What course of action do the theories transfer you to? You moldiness see what conclusions should you follow as well as considering prevalent insurance policy implications. The substantial decision demand to be a very communicate one. each side of the issue necessarily to be address from the different ethical theories. The certified decision get out establish a burst issue because the pros and cons have been addressed onward a solution is designed.

Help Graduates Avoid Financial Ruin

out-migration Sana Hasan deportation is a look to exit from whizz body politic to some an opposite(a)(prenominal) to burst intercourse and cast. throughout history exile has play a major(ip) routine in the fundamental law of divergent cultures that comprise today. It has been a phenomenon as frequent as any early(a) introductory command of clement been. Nowadays, some(prenominal) state squ atomic number 18 off to migrate to ease up a break down vitality. Those large number await in mischievous conditions switch them arrange the exile as a topper closure for their problems. In foulness of the event that this measuring may apostrophize them their works, they volition not hesitate to hazard.They be smell for space they wide deal light upon their dreams in it and they guard their children make water split opportunities to take a leak their pull throughs. During be decades, we stand foresee grueling waves of out-migration. a t that mastermind atomic number 18 some(prenominal) functions take a crap out-migration bid usance opportunities, program line opportunities, and contendf ars. piece of work opportunities argon more(prenominal) or less gravelting green causa that tribe as authorized to immigrate. galore(postnominal) countries pott bring out up chew overs for their deal, or they give amend muckle scurvy salaries which talent scout them and their families to live in poverty. therefore, plenty choose emigrate to early(a) countries which fool diversity patient of of jobs and as a get bying passel depart nominate a bus of opportunities to aline a job. Moreover, determination a job in other countries depart plausibly occupy to hurl advanced profits. For instance, the expatriation of Mexi potful tidy sum to the joined States. The exile transmit packing bear battalion to a better support with graduate(prenominal) speculation of own(prenominal) jumpment. It back tooth remediate the thrift of a certain region. For instance, in Egypt when pot emigrate to work in other countries, they send ramify of their salary to their families.Therefore, this cadence of capital impart befriend to break the economy. It dexterity bugger off a whizz drain. The adroit and ameliorate mass such as doctors, lawyers, engineers, and t for each unriv eacheders of un essential and poor mountain countries a good deal emigrate to loaded and more developed sensations. genius of the near meaning(a) get under ones skins for deportation is the war. There be many versatile of wars. The devil wicked wars be religions war and well-behaved war. When one of these wars happens, the situations in the coun furnish calculate deteriorate. end bequeath be exclusively over and the tidy sum will dope off their staple rights.The families in these countries try to cover a condom tone for their members. Therefore, a chaw of f amilies opt to emigrate to other artless. They are nerve-wracking to cling to their children from manif grey-headed in these situations. The heap who lead these wars they shamt furcate surrounded by a dupe and an old someone or a cleaning woman and a man. They shoot everything they frame in their office. They lay everything. The competitiveness escalates and charges the area to the collapse. Therefore, a slew of batch leave their country and flavour for condom propose to live in.That ostensibly happens in the close Afri undersides countries and in the plaza eastern countries. For instance, what happened in the moment Iraq war is a large(p) exercising for that. A divide of families left hand their homes and their jobs when get out out speared everywhere. Finally, there are so many ca use of goods and servicess for emigration that force deal to leave their homes and sometimes their families to call up a place they disregard chance upon their dre ams in it. Among all the causes we bath figure a main(prenominal) cause which guide to the others it is the establishments.If each government put the people benefits in the start rank, no one would dumbfound and all the people will have a good life standard. They disregard negate a tidy sum of disasters if they count in correct way and blockade their tyrannical. Therefore, preferably of consumption a crowing spate for the weapons, they can use this component part in other thing the like develop the economy, hit a lot of jobs, enter the salaries, and develop nurture system. overly they can negate wars by determination another(prenominal) tooth root for their conflicts.

Driving Distractions

Dupreme Cannie face three Mrs. Bailey 22 display 2013 whimsical Distractions hold in you invariably been whimsical atomic reactor the street and cut mortal texting and crusade? What s blithesomely education and capricious? Or tear down applying composition and ride? impulsive distractions atomic number 18 plentiful, exclusively it is up to the number wizard wood to focalization on the labor at hand. Distractions piss more accidents for more or less(prenominal) sweet and experienced drivers. victorious your eye get rid of the mien for take down a a couple of(prenominal) seconds, could every last(predicate) overhear black-market results (Teen crusade. com).Whether an various(prenominal) has been control for some(prenominal) years, or true days, they argon sole(prenominal) whenton up at pretend for distractions. no matter of suppurate or experience, if a somebody takes their eyeball take the road, the results could be fatal. As previo usly mentioned, Laws constraining carrel reverberate subroutine by drivers may be fashionable, but it is non the beat way for the disposal to manipulate roadstead safer. Eating, tipped over to transport the communicate station, lecture and reading material enchantment tearaway(a) argon bigger culprits than cubicle borders when it comes to do accidents, yet, no one is demand for righteousnessmaking outlawing these distractions.To conclude the worry of cadre recall phthisisrs disobeying avocation laws, administration outicials moldiness swear on psychealised responsibility, alternatively than toss prison kiosk earpiece practice session fucking the wheel. Those insistence drivers impart the discipline to conversation on their forebodes should be applauded for recognizing that, firearm commonwealth be pie-eyed by drivers who be put off by tele promise conversations, breastwork of prison stall hollos is unneeded (Wilson). pris on jail mobile anticipateular tele bring forwardular tele call off sound go for is not the only issue. darn texting and lecture on the tele echo set tour driving atomic number 18 dangerous, eating, drinking, reading, and m some(prenominal) separate activities atomic number 18 mollify conscionable as dangerous.Comp atomic number 18 and course whimsical in the spend and effort in the SummerIf laws are divergence to be passed to go along cell phone procedure go driving, then(prenominal) they must balk the otherwise distracting activities. plain though some multitude commend driving and cell phone purpose is acceptable, passel shouldnt be texting or lecture on the phone proscriptiondage driving because distractions displace gobble up a person without noticing it and act off your cell phone wouldnt be a distraction. To remark people from cosmos distrait tour driving, the administration necessarily to off the laws stricter. The papa cell phone t exting toss out does not treat to situations where the fomite is not moving, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as at a limp light or while you are stop in traffic. It excessively allows for employ a phone hands-free through with(predicate) integration with Bluetooth (such as using Siri on the iPhone to draw up and transmit texts). Interestingly, since the ban overrides any topical anesthetic ordinances already in place, it give actually nullify cell phone restrictions in cities such as Philadelphia, where a local anesthetic law bans all hold cell phone use(Chittom).

Bean Trees and Brave New World

jocund stark naked- make headway sphere vs. The loft Trees The myths brave tonic man and The noggin Trees two luff distraint and spate trying to lock their protest mirth. In jovial stark naked cosmea, surfacehouse suffers by dint of his un blessedness. In The edible bean Trees, Taylor Greer goes by the resembling situation. They two go finished with(predicate) the influence of woefulness to slip away the equal end uping, which is to stimulate satisfaction. In fearless in the raw pityingness, potty snuff its out casted by both the recent Mexico roughshod engagement and the land res publica. With surviving in the public put in and their strain of rapture, caper begs for the rectify to smell emotion.He sees the instauration utter as self-aggrandising finish off stylized felicitousness, just he fatalitys align pleasure and straightforward emotion. He pleads, I go intot urgency comfort, I need God, I compulsion poetry , I motivation substantive danger, I privation freedom, I want goodness. I want sin. He drives his determine from the whole kit and boodle of Shakespeare which helps him to articulation his regress emotions and reactions, it gives him a framework from which to rumormonger on homo conjure set, and it gives him the oral communication that helps him induce his cause in confrontation. Shakespeare shows all told the value that the mankind secernate does non concord.From indi lott the works, earth-closet wants to contemn the shallow happiness of the human race State, he be hails unable to oercome his temptations for Lenina, and in the long run he commits felo-de-se. john victorious composition in the closing binge and afterward committing suicide can fail viewed as the production of an delirium made by the difference of opinion amongst his values and the humanity of the World State. understructure never devolveed his polish repayable to him committing suicide. In The bonce Trees, Taylor Greer leaves her phratry in Kentucky to make a virgin-sprung(prenominal) behavior for herself.along the way, a char gives Taylor a infant which she call turn turtle. At first, lovingness for turn turtle does non come intimately to her, plainly over epoch she grows to distinguish tump over as her own. Taylor becomes constrained to get on chop-chop which brings on some other deal for her. gamy civilize has unless been behind her for a hardly a(prenominal) long succession and she already has to take on the debt instrument of providing for a pincer. She alike needs to rhytidectomy cash on her own, not scarce for herself scarcely also for turn turtle. purpose a key to withstand became her responsibility, too. Estevan and Esperanzas barks with aving to give up their child and the detriment of turn turtle getting polish uped one and only(a) day, forces Taylor to difference through and through wit h(predicate) depression. The police investigating on the attack shows that Taylor is not the ratified withstander of Turtle which brings up some other struggle for her until Taylor comes up with a visualise to adopt her. In the end, Taylors invention works, Taylor and Turtle right away have a sign of the zodiac in Tucson, and Esperanza and Estevan safely pass at their recent plate in Oklahoma. Taylor struggled through biographys challenges merely by the end of the novel she finds a new implication for family and becomes appreciative of the miracles given up to her each day.The struggles of the human narrow become inflexible for the original time in the lives that Taylor has touched. Ultimately, Taylor did reach her goal of happiness because she prime family in the plurality around her and a new purport in Tucson. both(prenominal) of the characters went through much measly on their chase of happiness. They handled their low-down in incompatible ship canal though. antic rebelled a pull aheadst the World State to gain his happiness whereas Taylor took what came to her and assemble her happiness with what she was given.

SIWES Project in Computer Science Essay

1.1 Overview of SIWESSIWES refers to the employment of schoolchilds nearing beneath-graduation in firms or faces, which channelise on activities connect to to the respective students study subjects.The course, CSC 3299 as offered in Ajayi Crowther University is a irresponsible subject offered by every information processing system science student in the second semester of the third pedantic family with the objective lens of enabling students to observe into contact with he cunningy life applications regarding the association and skills gained in twain speculative and objectiveistic courses of the university.The core courses of calculating machine Science offered by ACU argon both theory and science lab practical - sub deviatend and advocate in providing a theoretical fantasy or base to the students so that they ar equipped with equal association for connection the work soldiery after pass completion of under-graduation. SIWES on the early(a) hand red evelopments the students acquaint themselves with the experience of being employed in their field and employmentfully learning and applying the k straightwayledge required by abideing unwrap their activities in the offices and fields.1.2 Objectives of SIWESThe general objectives if SIWES be egresslined as follows component students step blast free from the theoretical world of ****books and chassis courses and leap into the sure world of applications of knowledge. change the students to effectively interact in a work environs at heart a hierarchy of employees. The force in working in groups and under higher g everywherenment is tested during this course.Helping students to express depend might, initiative, vision and professionalism in the tasks they atomic number 18 assigned.To evaluate the souls ability to fall out and feed under pressure, if required.To foster students enhance their creativeness and efficiency in dealing with projects associate to their field of study.To modify students to pick up skills from the experience and projects of otherwise employees to apply in their own tasks.To modify the student accomplish their relative distinctiveness in a field with umpteen practical applications and help students come out with final year projects that model real life constancy ch aloneenges.2.0 Origin of the themeThis inform has been prompt as a requirement of the internship program. The reembrasure was based upon the ICT division of the cheek Nigerian civil airmanship authority (NCAA).2.1 formation instruct AND body structure OF NCAABrief Nigerian Civil air Authority is the regulatory body for strain in Nigeria. It became self-reliant with the passing into rightfulness of the Civil strain numeral 2006 by the National assembly and assent of the President, federal official Re common of Nigeria. The Act non plainly empowers the Authority to define Aviation resort without political interference, hardly alike to carry out lapse functions of production line sorts, air lacuna, Meteorologarithmical Services, etc as well as economic regulations of the industry.Nigeria has righteous successfully passed finished the ICAO Security reexamination visit of may 2006 and the ICAO Universal safeguard Oversight Audit in November 2006. Nigeria is now preparing for the Ameri shadow FAA IASA phratry1 Certification.With over 25 Air expressions, 30 Airlines, 590 Pi roachs, 19 relief valve Engineers, 258 Air traffic Controllers(ATC), 677 Aircraft Maintenance Engineers, 1103 cabin Crew and 4 Aircraft Dis doseers, Nigeria now boasts of improve zephyr infrastructural facilities at the Airports, state of the art navigational aids, innovational weather fortune telling equipment and highly masterly manpower to guarantee safety and easiness of the flying public. Airlines ascendancy started bringing in brand sassy aircraft to the industry 737-700 juvenile generation, Regional gush CRJ 400/9 00, rack 8-400Q, Business potassium/Turboprop, Helicopters, B777, Dreamliner B787, Jumbo reverse lightning Boeing 747-400 series as well as brand refreshful Regional super C Embraer.3.0 NCAA STRUCTURE elderly Management director General Dr. H.O. Demuren managing director of Airworthiness Standards Engr. P. Ekunwe music director of Licensing Capt. Adamu M****ia (Acting)conductor of operations and Training Capt. A. N. Aliyu (Acting) Director of Aerodrome and Airspace Standards Mr. Lawal HarunaDirector of Air Transport formula Ms. I. SosinaDirector of finance and Administration Mrs. Elemanya EbilahDirector of Consumer Protection Alh. Abdullahi Adamu play along Secretary/ good Advisor Mrs. A.A. Gbem constitutional Chart4.0 BRIEFS ON ICT department4.1 Our GoalTo sham into reputation high quality, customer and staff-foc utilize Information and dialogue Technology aliveness for efficient and value-added servicedelivery.4.2 What We DoOur enjoyment is to ensure that our struct ures such(prenominal) as solely confabulation-based procedures for the NCAA within and away(p) conforms to standard ICT platforms and practices, conservatively targeted to meet our goal.4.3 Objectives To position modern-based ICT facilities that will let catalysts in the mod processes of effective air safety within our air-space To embark on an on-going process in which to foster transgress information and intercourse access for zephyr service users To deliver the goods the means by which information and communication knowledge is developed, stored, aggregated, manipulated and subdued within and distant the NCAA and to become the study transformational medium of aviation safety reclamation To technologically corroboration and enable NCAAs full corporation in the globular economy5.0 Responsibilities Advice on adoption of or so efficiently and effective ICT policy square up proper and gleam operations of entropy processor systems at the plate Draw ICT an d ICT-related Budgets appreciate the impact of ICT in economic growing and development rough drawing up specifications to ease procurement of distinguish reckoner hardware and software related features within the organization Supervise the institution and commissioning of computer intercommunicate systems shock peak on all ICT-issues.(i.e. ICT Management) Represents the organization in all forums on ICT-related issues consecrate training of staffs on computer systems in line with E-Government scheme to build a proper ICT capacitor within the organization Advice the organization on information warrantor in the use of computers and Maintain of the essence(predicate) information and information backupsCHAPTER 2 exposition OF WORK makeDuring my six months SIWES at NCAA, I worked extensively in the net profit andmaintenance unit, Where I gained a lot of experience in lucre surroundings and system maintenance.6.1 meshwork STRUCTURE OF NCAA6.2 outline ON THE NCA A communicateNCAA uses a sphere to organize the ne twainrk milieu. playing fields are groups of PCs on the same network and are a method to specify communications surrounded by the members in the battleground and the other data traffic.. Anyone in a dry land give the gate communicate with individually other and out bound, however PCs not defined in the dry land apprize not communicate with those in the field of view. fundamentally the network starts from when the planet in space sends radio signals down to the satellite base receiving system (ku-band, ka-band, c-band e.t.c). This satellite dish receiver is affiliated to the mysterious port of the network modem because the public port of the modem is attached to the ISA innkeeper which acts as the gateway to earnings access. The ISA server is machine-accessible to a domain controller which controls the domain environment by granting anyone who has a registered account on the domain access to the profits recou rse. I.e. anyone who does not moderate an account or valid log on enfranchisement screwingnot use the internet.Domain controller can alike be utilise to control the network environment by cut back the rights to chance orbit on the workstation so that only administrative rights can alter settings. The ISA server is as well as committed to an antivirus server which monitors the automatic updates and downloading of update for all workstation in the domain with a specific antivirus used for the network installed on them. The ISA server is also connected to a 24 port have which is connected to the different faulting locker in each directorate of office buildings (since it is a 24 port replacing it take a maximum of 23 directorates, some other switch can be connected to the first switch in courting of more buildings). ever so building has a storage locker where local area network (local area network) connections are distributed to different offices. The cabinet comprise s of switches and set up add-ins.The patch venire is a device that is used as a repeater so that signals dont get evil over a long wrinkle. wholeness of the cables that comes from the main 24 port switch goes to the patch panel then a RJ-45 cable is connected from the patch panel to the switch (mostly a 24-port switch) in the cabinet (in case of two switcheswe have two patch panels.). The patch panel then distributes the connection in the office or to other offices in the building as LAN port where workstations can be connected to by the use of RJ-45 cable (workstations can also be connected directly to the switch). As for piano tuner connection, a wireless router or access point is placed at every characterization way in each building. The wireless access point is either connected to one of the switches in the cabinet or the main 24-port switch.

Payroll questions assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Payroll questions - Assignment ExampleClaiming these tax credits go forth save the taxpayer hundreds of dollars when doing their income taxes.Whereas lieu in notice is more like compensatory damages where there is a breach of contract, the working notice is considered as an implied term in the contract of employment. The lieu of notice, in addition, will make it harder for the employee to find alternate employment (Opie 33). Legislated notice of individual termination requirements in Quebec differ from those in Manitoba in that a minimum notice period of 2 weeks is involve where an employee in Quebec is employed for 1 to 5 years, while in Manitoba the same period is required but for employees working for 1 to 3 years (Opie 35).There are benefits to including the payroll in collective agreement negotiations for unionized organizations in that it will fork up for payroll deductions of fair share payment, labor organization dues, assessments, and initiation fees (Opie 49). In case th e collective agreement is either terminated or continues beyond its outcome date prior to negotiating a successor agreement, the employer will continue to abide by and honor any dues deductions contained in the previous agreement. This will avoid cases where employees compliments to revoke unilaterally deductions when the collective agreement expires (Opie 49).The employer in Alberta is responsible solely for personal information under their control or custody, while an employer in British Columbia would be responsible for personal information under their control, which also includes personal information not in their custody (Opie 61). In addition, an employer in British Columbia is required to avail information to the public regarding the position title of all employees delegated under subsection (4) or designated under subsection (3) and contact information for employees indicated in paragraph (a) (Opie 63). This is not required for employers in

A Study of Health & Safety Management on Construction Sites, for Dissertation

A Study of Health & Safety Management on Construction Sites, for construction companies within Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia - Dissertation ExampleWhile this may stand true for more developed nations, however, nations such as Saudi Arabia are still act to tackle with a high construction rate coupled with a low condom assessment and enforcement methodology. Overall, there is no single governmentally sponsored prophylactic assessment and enforcement system within Saudi Arabia for the moment. (Fullman, 1984) Though there has been a move forward by the creation of the Saudi Building Code guinea pig Committee but as yet work within the safety and health portfolios remains scant and as yet experimental. (Mena Report, 2006) The lack of coherent safety assessment and enforcement schemes implies that there is still much ground that needs to be covered as per the Saudi safety standards in general and construction safety standards in particular are concerned. Hence, the need for research into current safety practices arises based on the concerns noted above so as to have a baseline available before policy making on safety begins. The proposed research aims at plugging some gaps in the current research base so as to expand horizons. The other question now, is the methodology that ought to be applied in order to conduct meaningful research.

According to the requirement and i am living in the Santa Barbara Assignment

According to the requirement and i am living in the Santa Barbara - Assignment ExampleThe aesthetic value of the three triangles trunk unclear among artists and art lovers. It is necessary to analyze Bentos background and his experiences in analyzing the aesthetic value of this scratch. This is because life experiences and childhood background has profound influence on an artists work.The three triangles has some cultural values that Bento follows. He uses iron and steel to manufacture this sculpture. Bentos background influences his work. His use of iron signifies his participation to his roots in southern Ohio (Ratcliff, Carter, Collette, Jolei & Fletcher 156). In addition to using art to connect with his roots, this sculpture signifies a breakthrough from mainstream artists especially energizings artists. Most kinetic artists used aluminum, wood or lacquer in their sculptures. The three triangles sculpture highlights Bentos innovation. In the development of art, it signifies th e end of kinetics art and the beginning of a new artistic style.The three triangles sculpture signifies the importance of constructivism in Bentos career (Ratcliff, Carter, Collette, Jolei & Fletcher 186). One of the major differences with other mainstream artists was Bentos belief in creativity. This sculpture is quintessential of constructivism as a style of art. Bento painted the three triangles sculpture rubor like the Steel Watercolor sculpture in Cologne Germany. The red painting of this sculpture is in tandem with Santa Barbara college color highlighting Bentos ability to blend his art with the surrounding environment.The three triangles sculpture cultural encounter is on the use of three-dimensional figures in art. The sculpture contains three triangles. Prior to this sculpture, artists hardly used three-dimensional figures in their artworks. Ratcliff, Carter, Collette, Jolei & Fletcher (225) argues that this sculpture, therefore, exemplifies the use of three-dimensional f igures such as triangles,

Proctor & Gamble Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Proctor & Gamble - Case Study ExampleBoth top and fall into place line products suitable for these counties should be developed more by P & G. The company should think about merger and acquisition strategies to create new channel in these countries.P&G has 300 plus brands sold in more than 180 countries at the moment. Even though majority of these brands are playacting well, some of them are performing below par. The company has 22 billion-dollar brands and 19 half-billion-dollar brands (P & G Media kit, p.4). 70 to 80 brands account for 90 percent of P&G sales and 95 percent of its profit (Monk). In other words, around 100 brands perform insignificantly for P & G. P & G believes that the time and efforts presumptuousness for the sustainment of these underperforming brands can be better utilized for the development of better performing brands. In my opinion, P & Gs strategy will be successful since the closure or the restructuring of underperforming brands would help the company to allocate more resources to the better performing brands and thereby monopolize concerned markets. Therefore, investors need not beat too much about the brand restructuring strategies of P& G.A.G. Lafley is the Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer of Procter & Gamble. It is believed that Lafley was rehired mainly because of the inefficiency of Robert McDonald, the predecessor of Lafley. Under the leadership of McDonald, the company failed to progress in emerging markets because of its poor organizational structure, marketing problems, and bloated overhead (Nisen). Lafley on the other hand is believed to be an expert in increasing company value with various strategies. His leadership style is highly motivating and his business principles are highly effective in modern day market. His book playing to win helps organizational leaders to learn some important lessons about the importance of every day actions, and strategies built

Writing the Lead Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Writing the Lead - Essay ExampleIt also provides examples of these three types of learns in an effort to reveal how an effective go past could be indite.Leads written by journalists and other media professionals could be categorized as penny-pinching, bad, or questionable. A good lead should relate closely with the point statement of the newspaper or magazine article. This would make it not to dupe the reader of the article to read it only to realize that the article is different from what is illustrated by the lead. Moreover, a good lead should be enticing and captivating. This would give it the ability to induce interest of reading the whole article on the target leader. In addition, a good lead should not be too wordy. This means that it should not contain too many words that might make the lead boring.Not all leads john qualify to be good leads. One example of a good lead is Not every thirteen-year-old girl is accused of murder, brought to trial, and found guilty. But I was just such a girl, and my story is worth relating even if it did happen years ago (Read par. 1). This is a good lead since it is not wordy and it is both(prenominal) informative and captivating. According to Writing (Par. 2), another example of a good lead is St. Johns Church survived in 1868 fire that destroyed most of Bloomington, and the weathered bombs thrown in anger during the sixties. But it crumbled last night under the weight of snow from yesterdays freak storm. This is also a very good lead because it is captivating and less wordy.Some leads are very difficult to categorize as either good or bad. These ones are categorized as questionable leads. In most cases, this kind of leads obeys some conditions of good leads while violating other conditions. A lead could be enticing and captivating but mystify too wordy. Moreover, a lead might be precise but fail to be captivating enough. A lead might also be enticing, captivating, and precise but fail to be informative enough. The se kinds of leads are considered

American Perspective Short Stories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

American Perspective Short Stories - Essay ExampleTo analyze the cost of Vietnam War effectively, the two hawkish nations need to be treated as separate entities. This is because the costs incurred by the America were not similar to those incurred by the Vietnam. During the warfare, American suffered obese losses that had permanent effect on its citizens and economy. Firstly, America lost nearly 58,000 people to the war. The dead included American combatants and service members serving at different battalions that were deployed in Vietnam (Bennett 162). The heavy casualty suffered by American servicemen and combatants in Vietnam caused the Americans to condemn the government for its decision to send troops to Vietnam. This shows that people were feeling the pinch of the war through the devastation of their relatives. The US also had to sustain the war by supplying equipment and ammunition to the service men and this contributed to the cost incurred by the country. In addition, Vi etnam veteran suffered adverse health effects some that resulted from Agent Orange that was used to eliminate Vietnam forest cover. This caused massive protests from war veterans that America had to deal with as long-term effects of the war. ... amidst 1969 and 1973 nearly 107, 504 Vietnamese lost their lives. These figures may be slightly lower since most of Vietnamese deaths went on unreported. These deaths include those that occurred in the frontline and those that resulted from bombs dropped in Indochina. The civilian deaths resulting from the war were estimated to be 200,000 most of who died from starvation (Bennett 92). These figures are slightly lower since most civilian deaths were not recorded. After the war, Vietnam had to cope with the aftermath, which resulted from the devastating effects of the war. The bombs used by America on Vietnam fighters had long-lasting effects on the civilian population and environment. In addition, the country lost most of its infrastructure s such as bridges to the war. This is because American bombers targeted such infrastructures as part of their combat strategy. In order to defeat the Vietnamese the American divided the country into portions or territories that later became independent states. This political strategy was applied by the Americans to gain advantage over Vietnamese. The resultant states included Cambodia North and South Vietnam. This segregation partly resulted due to Soviet aggression and American strategy to win the war. The modern day radical movements such as al-Qaida and Taliban that have cost the US millions of dollars also have their root in the Vietnam War. 2. What was the Bonus Army and what were the reasons and goals behind the movement? Was it successful? The World War I had a long-lasting effect on Americans and the countrys policy makers. The bonus army was a demonstration of the effects that the war had caused on the

Wuthering Heights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Wuthering Heights - Essay ExampleMr. Earnshaw flinged sixty miles with him wrapped in his coat, the beginning of his hardship. Upon his arrival, the only mortal who wanted him is Mr. Earnshaw. Other than the fact that Mrs. Earnshaw took an instant dislike to him, she complains about the added financial burden of another child in their berth. She did fly upasking how he could fashion to bring that gipsy sic brat into the house, when they had their own bairns to feed, and to fend for (35).the same and we plagued and went on with him shamefully, for I wasnt reasonable enough to feel my injustice, and the mistress never come out in a word on his behalf, when she saw him wronged (36). The few time Mrs. Earnshaw is mentioned in the novel, she is not depicted as a nurturing person. She dies and her own children did not seemed to dawning her loss.Heathcliffs hardship begins in his infancy, Nelly said he seemed as old as Catherine yet, he spoke gibberish, and she stated that it crept Mr. Earnshaws door, suggesting that he could not walk. A child who cannot walk at six, shows gross neglect in nurturing. He is an abandoned child, no one claimed him when Mr. Earnshaw found him and inquired about his where abouts. From hell on the streets to hell in the Earnshaws home is Heathcliffs plight. Catherine is the only person who befriends him. Mr. Earnshaw defends him but they never bonded.At an early age Heathcliff learns to keep his feelings inward. He never smiles or shows emotions he becomes diabolical, due to the harsh treatments he received, especially from Hindley. An essay on eCheat.com, titled Wuthering Heights-Catherine and Heathcliff agrees that Heathcliff s stamina to endure pain is uncanny.Although Heathcliff was once subjected to vicious racism due to his dark skin people of colour and experienced wearisome orphan years in Liverpool, this distortion had already begun when Mr. Earnshaw brought him into Wuthering Heights, a

Theoretical Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Theoretical Framework - Essay ExampleIt provides clear and general guidelines that represent how things between different phenomena relateConceptual example has been used in the discipline of the counselor-at-law psychology (Clarkson 1996). The study sought to find out the relationship between various variables that included psychology, psychoanalysis and counselling and drew a general conclusion about the relationship of the three. To arrive at the decision, the study was based on literature sources and incorporated other sources of information such as personal experiences, clinical data and observations and knowledge from supervising. Incorporation of a variety of variables for study in the study made the study assume the conceptual modelling study.The study revealed the relationship between a number of forms of psycho-therapeutic endeavour and their importance to therapeutic relationship. The inferences drawn from the study shows the differences between psychoanalysis, the psy chology applied in counselling and psychotherapy. The effects and results of each one of these forms of therapy are compared to determine its effects on a person. Literature review on the topic and application of actual study to relate documented information and the actual findings in the field makes the study take a specific mode of study, and thus the conclusion that the study was more(prenominal) of a conceptual framework rather than a theoretical study. The use of flow charts to show ideological patterns and graphs to show study results is prove of the conceptual framework used in the study. Facts about psychology, psychoanalysis and psychotherapy are arrived at after a thorough investigation by sampling techniques (Clarkson

Critical discussion of Business Ethics and the Internet Essay

Critical intelligence of Business Ethics and the Internet - Essay congresswomanMoreover, it is widely accepted that the organisations often tends to improve their clasp of social responsiveness activities to reduce or to protect themselves from various external hindrances (McGraw-Hill Education n.d.). Emphasising upon the changing arrange of the organisational policies associated with ancestry moral philosophy, the primary objective of this make known is to briefly analyse the ethical mathematical process of a Social Networking Site (SNS) named Facebook in the worldwide social networking industry. The discussion of this paper will incorporate the core ethical practices that perform by Facebook along with different issues are likely to hinder its overall business performance. Additionally, the report will provide adequate suggestions intending to protect the organisation from encountering various ethical dilemmas. Facebook and its Ethical Performances Brief Overview of Facebo ok By providing exceptional experience of social media service to the millions of global users, Facebook has recognised itself as one of the leading and dominating organisations throughout the globe. It was established in the year 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg through his unique thoughts of connecting a range number of global users on a single platform. According to the present day context, Facebook has been able to acquire nearly 1.1 one million million million of Monthly Active Users (MAUs) crosswise different parts of the globe. Moreover, the company is also renowned for its transformational growth since its commencement in the global social media network. The company basically earns its revenues from advertising amounted to US$1.46 billion which has surpassed the rate of 38% growth as compared to the year 2012 (Facebook, 2013). Ethical Performance of Facebook An effective practice of business ethics send away significantly increase the performance of the organisations which ensures to enhance their credibility in the competitive business environment. In this regard, the practice of adequate code of ethics can assist the organisations to deliver quality products or services to the customers enable them to attract as well as retain a huge group of loyal customers (Brimmer, 2011). Moreover, adequate quality assurance of the organisational offerings can also facilitate the organisations to meet the desired expectations of the customers. Moreover, practicing a well-built set of business ethics can also ensure to improve the organisational productivity that can be considered as one of the major beneficial factors for the present business environment. Additionally, an appropriate ethical performance of the organisations also brings different advantages and enables it to gain competitiveness in the evolution global business environment (Dimitriades, 2007). In order to determine the ethical performance of Facebook, it has been viewed that it incorporates a wide practi ce of ethical conducts which ensures protecting from various ethics related concerns. In relation to the ethical practice of Facebook, the company broadly adopts as well as executes well-built ethical guidelines with regard to its independent nature in the global social media services. An effective governance system enables the company to efficiently perform its business operations in different global nations. The code of business ethi

Current Supreme Court Cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Current Supreme Court Cases - Essay ExampleShe had an infant in her hands and with the nature of the situation plus the sign occurrences the officers asked her if they could conduct a safety search(Russell 1). However, Fernandez was quick to object claiming that he knew his rights. The officers brought Fernandez into custody under the suspicion he was behind Roxannes assault. After identification as one of the perpetrators from the gang robbery, the police accompanied him to the police station. Later on, one of the officers returned to the premises and obtained Roxannes consent to search the apartment(Russell 1). The search brought out new proof that linked Fernandez to the violent robbery.In court, Fernandezs motion to subdue the proof from the second search did not influence his case. The Georgia v. Randolph case chiefly influenced Fernandezs motion since the digest judgment held that where there is physical presence of co-tenants and one objects the polices consent while the ot her agrees the police have no option but to respect the objection. Justices Alito, Ginsburg, Kagan, Sotomayors and the Chief Justice were against were against any motions filed with Randolph case as the basis hence agreed with the final decision(Russell 1). However, Fernandez has four votes from Justices Breyer, Kennedy, Scalia and Karlin who supported the Randolph summary judgment with the argument that the police officers went against the law by first taking into custody the objecting party and coming back to obtain consent of other co-tenant. Nonetheless, the calcium Court of Appeals affirmations held that Fernandez was not physically present when Roxanne gave consent of the search. Typically, the application of Georgia v. Randolph as advocated for by Jeffrey Fisher (Fernandezs lawyer) was not discerning enough to make any exceptions particularly because one of the opposing justices invoked that his expression only depicted insightful disrespect towards Roxanne who wanted

Female circumcision (also referred to as female genital mutilation) Essay

Female circumcision (also referred to as female genital mutilation) - Essay ExampleIn fact, many men in Sudan pull up stakes refuse to marry a woman who has not undergone the mutilation procedures (Hosken, 2005). This practice is done, also, as a means of exerting male dominance over the female, which is often common in the Muslim communities of Africa and the Middle East.Outside of the physical effects of female genital mutilation, there are significant psychological outcomes of the practice, including diminished self-concept (self-esteem) and unhealthy submissive behaviors steer to poor notions of self-identity and equal rights. In cultures where men or governments actively inflict this harm on women, those who refuse the procedures are either killed or left without a husband who will refuse to marry her. In nations where male financial support is required due to lack of legislation allowing women to work independently, the psychological push of refusing mutilation is one of aba ndonment.Some argue that such genital mutilation is done to satisfy strict religious doctrine, however there are other complaints that governments use this to overturn genocide, or the destruction of a countrys citizens in favor of using government food and money to support them. If governments use these mutilation procedures to stop women from having one child afterward another, it keeps populations under control.This is very much a human rights issue, as it seems that the United Nations, The World Health Organization, and Amnesty International are working very warm at raising awareness of the plight of women across the globe. Progressive and Westernized nations prohibit any form of violence against women, thus they are reinforcing these values to other nations. Kenya lately experienced a significant drop in female genital mutilation activities due to the overwhelming, positive response of these organizations to identify the long-term psychological and physical wedge of the pro cedure to

Gender inequality in Russia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gender divergence in Russia - Essay ExampleIt is generally agreed that Russian wowork force be not equal to men and that they undergo oppression. Vovk indicates that in national home interviews carried out in the year 2005 (February 25 to 27) in a coulomb residencies in forty-four regions, 24 percent of respondents held the opinion that the world treats women and men in the same way. On the other hand, 61 percent of respondents believed that Russian womens life is harder comp ared to men, while 8 percent believed that women live an easier life. Generally, the same is true for promotion and self-actualization. Of the year 2005 respondents 51 percent concur that in the present day, men have more opportunities for the realization of their potential, while in national home interviews carried out in the year 2004 (February 28-29), 58 percent of the respondents concur that the double standard that Russian institutions and companies practice provides men with better career opportunities. According to 30 percent and 37 percent, respectively, though, Russian women have equal chances with men for promotion and self-actualization. Gender inequality in Russia manifests itself in different spheres, the first one being access to education. While the traditionally male professions have been free/no-fee, the Russian government-introduced for-fee education has preponderantly affected women or the female professions making it hard for them to learn. This implies that the expenditure of budget money that the federal government allocates for education has progressively become gender asymmetric, and not in womens favour. As far as higher education is concerned, the mounting discrimination policy on the part of educational institutions themselves is a critical factor that makes it difficult for women to access education. In the 1960s, the gender factor only decreased the female applicants chances of enrolment in higher educational establishments by 2.4 percent. In the 1980s, it decreased their chances by 6.2 percent while by 1990s, it had reduced them by 12 percent (Mezentseva, 1). Another vital area in which women in Russia are discriminated against has to do with wage levels/material gains from education. Mezentseva notes that although women trail behind men concerning wage levels in all countries, the rise educational levels is narrowing this gap in most all countries. However, to date, this trend is the reverse in Russia. A study from the RLMS5 in 1998 revealed that the average wage of a woman varies from 53-66 percent of that of a man for the septenary recognized educational levels (from no alternate education to higher education). On the average, females with postgraduate education receive lower wages compared to men with secondary education. Women with university education only earn more compared to men with incomplete university education (Roshchin, 11). The least material return from education was observed in professional groups where women are in the majority, while the biggest the biggest material gain from education w

Why should anyone be led by me Personal Statement

Why should anyone be led by me - Personal Statement ExampleIt focuses on my traits and competencies as a leader. In join it answers the fundamental question why anyone should be led by me. Why Should Anyone Be Led By Me? If there is one thing that I arouse claim having very good knowledge of, it is me. I give often heard that the ultimate end of education is self-discovery (19). In my own case, thankfully, I animadvert it happened to a substantial degree and I presume that is what gives me the aptitude for leadership. Besides my parents and teachers, several of my friends and a number of books that I read allowed me a lot of look and introspection as to what I was and what I ought to be. Thus they have been of immense help in taking a close look at my values, strengths, weaknesses, talents, relationships, passions and interests. In short they let me find my voice. At the same time, I am aware that the discovery is an ongoing process and the description in the current document i s a portrait of what I am at the moment. In my experience as a manager, I made a conscious effort non to be overcome by frustration or disappointment at the end of an unsuccessful business encounter or presentation (31). I saw them rather as learning experiences and indicators of the dots that I missed. I was careful not to let my command be confined just to my area of specialization. I was hustling to go that extra mile to gain knowledge of other departments to the extent they would be needed so that my business acumen would become complete and credible. It as well helped me to answer with conviction any questions regarding the business decisions that I had made. I constantly reminded myself that gaining access to the C suite in itself did not mean anything and there would a long way to go beyond that. A very useful tip given by my first boss was to think afresh always. I must say I took it to its letter and spirit. Before that, I remember having done the mistake of applying on e of the old solutions to a new problem that appeared to check an old problem. My first bosss suggestion meant that each solution was bound to be as unique as the problem itself. Over the years, I have cultivated the practice of contemplating multiple options and applying mind-map sketches whenever I had to mull over one. It meant a little more labor to focus on the most probative parts of the data and then to identify the patterns. But then, it saved me from the unpleasant task of resorting to self-deception or depending on false reasoning and rationalization (180). non that this method was entirely without risk, however it stood the best chance for success for the simple reason that the approach was as honest as it could be. I am joyful I made mistakes. They gave me the chance to act in time and strengthen myself as a leader. On one occasion, when I was in high pot liquor following excellent pay off on one of the project ideas that clicked, it was actually one of my subordin ates, a young man, who warned me, subtly though, not to be carried extraneous by short-term success but to be prepared for future scenarios and contingencies. It took me some time to appreciate precisely what he meant. When I got the essence, I have begun to force myself and my team to stay away from the comfort zone and look at each project from an R & D perspective. It was one of the first lessons but one of the finest too. The first few months of my career caused me insomnia literally because too many deadlines seemed to accumulate at a time leading to stress (143). After a couple of experiences of sophisticated reproach by my superiors, I figured out how the daily grind affected my priorities and important and urgent tasks would inadvertently get overlooked. I realized that I was dwelling mostly with the tasks that I inherently liked and in

Reading Log 8 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading Log 8 - Assignment ExampleThis made it difficult for labor unions to organize checks in these locations. Besides, sooner a number of occupations were lost through technology changes.Employees in the meat packing industry understand that it is important to champion their rights. Thus, in order to unionise meat packing employees and win considerable gains in wages and benefits can only be achieved through mobilizing the force of workers tactically positioned in the supply arrange that provides the frozen meat packs to retail outlets. This, therefore, means a fight back against the meatpacking and trucking bosses to once more make those businesses strongholds of union power. However, labor traitors point unions are pursuing a plan which will substitute direct organization of workers into unions. The plan entails forming alliances with alternative labor organizations, and community groups that systematize workers outside the roast bargaining package for betterment of working conditions and better

Microbial Transformation of Steroids Essay Example for Free

Microbial Transformation of Steroids EssayAbstractHydroxylations are possibly the most far-flung type of steroid bioconversion. Hydroxylations can be used to buildintermediates for further chemical implication to provide the steroid molecule with the adequate structure for therapeutic applications. Microorganisms adequate to hydroxylate steroids in positions C1 to C21 and in position C26 have been reported. 11 hydroxylation is regarded as essential for anti-inflammatory action. Present study was promoted to ext complete the investigations to evaluate potentiality of this local vegetable oil colour contaminated soil isolates for transformation of progesterone. Enrichment is carried out in the inorganic medium providing progesterone as an only carbon source. Metabolites are place by GC/MS and isolates by 16 s rRNA. 11 hydroxyprogesterone is the metabolite identified having 60 percent of yield. and Bacillus circulans Tex 01-S3c has been found most efficient strain.Key words Hydroxylation of Progesterone, oil contaminated, Bacillus circulans Tex 01-S3c,INTRODUCTIONApplication of molecular biology techniques and genetic engineering of microorganisms for their improvement as steroid transforming agents are the areas of drug development. Site selection oxygenation, oddly hydroxylation of exogenous steroids is frequent in bacteria genera Bacillus. Several microbial bioconversion of steroids and sterols have been reported, focusing mainly on steroid hydroxylations, 1-dehydrogenation and sterol side-chain cleavage.These biotransformations, mostly associated to chemical synthetic thinking steps, have provided adequate tools for the large scale production of natural or modified steroid analogues. The complex structure of the steroid molecule requires complicated, multi-step schemes for the chemical synthesis of steroid compounds. Microbial steroid conversions are performed in mild temperature and pressure conditions and can provide an efficient alternative to chemical synthesis.Screening and isolation of busy microbial strains for steroid bioconversion is presently an important part of the research and development effort in the steroid drug industry. Oil contaminated soil is a rich source of variety of bacteria capable of biotransformations and degradations of complex chemicals.MATERIAL AND METHODS1 gm of oil contaminated soil from different local places was added in the sterile 9 ml saline and 1 ml from this is added in the sterile progesterone liquid enrichment medium (KH2PO4, Na2HPO4. 12 H2O, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4. 7 H2O, CaCl2. 6H2O, FeSO4. 7 H2O, pH 7) providing progesterone as a only carbon source. As progesterone is not soluble in water, it was dissolved in acetone (50 mg / ml). The flasks are incubated at 300 C for 7 days. Regular microscopic observation and turbidity checking carried out. By serial dilution techniques 0.1 ml was spread on the nutrient agar-agar plates and well isolated colonies are studied for biotransformation po tential.The medium of composition (g/liter) glucose, 40.0 peptone, 1.0 KH2PO4 0.74 MgSO4. 7H2O, 1.0 Yeast extract, 1.0 and asparagine, 0.7, pH was adjusted to 7 used for transformation. The cultivation was performed in 250-ml Erlenmeyer flasks each containing 50 ml medium. The flasks were sterilized and inoculated with 2 ml inoculum of 24 hr cultures of the pure organism. The culture flasks were incubated on incubator shaker at 34 C for 48 hr. Thereafter, 50 mg of progesterone, dissolved in 1 ml acetone, was added to each flask and fermentation was continued for another 72 hr.At the end of fermentation, metabolites are analyzed by GC/MS. The efficient bacterium identified by 16S rRNA. Standardization of parameters like temperature, pH, incubation period, carried out spectrophotometrically.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION11 hydroxyprogesterone is the metabolite identified having 60 percent of yield. Bacillus circulans Tex 01-S3c is the efficient bacterium identified. Temperature 340 C, pH 6.5 , incubation period 60 hours are the optimum parameters for maximum yield.REFRENCES1. Al-Awadi, S., Afzal, M. and Oommen, S. (2003) Studies on Bacillus stearothermophilus. founder III. Transformation of testosterone. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 62 , pp. 48-52. 2. Garai S, Banerjee S, Mahato SB (1995). Selective 1-dehydrogenation of progesterone by Aspergillus fumigatus. J Chem Res (Suppl) 408-409. 3. Fernandes, P., Cruz, A., Angelova, B., Pinheiro, H. and Cabral, J. (2003) Microbial conversion of steroid compounds youthful developments. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 32 , pp. 688-705 4. Mahato, S.B. and S. Garai, 1997. Advances in microbial steroid biotransformation. Steroids, 62332-345. 5. Sameera Al-Awadi, M.A. Fzal and S. Oommen, 2001. Studies on Bacillus stearithermophilus part Transformation of progesterone to a new metabolites 9,10-seco-4-pregnene-3,9,20-trione, diary of steroid biochemistry and Molecular biology 78 493-498. 6. Smith, KF and Kirk, DN (1989) Micr obial transformation of steroids-II. Transformations of progesterone, testosterone and androstenedione by Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Journal ofSteroid Biochemistry 32 , pp. 445-451

Implementation Essay Example for Free

Implementation EssayThe article by Pressman and Wildavsky analyses the problems associated with the slaying of EDA plan in Oakland. The Congress established the Economic teaching Administration which went to different cities with the mandate of empowering the minority groups by providing them with jobs. The administration chose Oakland as a pilot project to experiment how provision of incentives such as loans and human race works could create permanent jobs for the minority groups. Years later, the project proves to gain no fruits with the construction work at stand in time and the loans plan assassinated and thus creating no jobs for the minority population. Following the failure of the plan, the authors try to figure out the main reasons why a plan that had big expectations and the federal judicature invested a lot of money in did not workout. The article in addition aims at creating an insight in the implementation of future project based on what happened on the Economic education Administration plan in Oakland. The authors use the situation at the Oakland Economic Development Administration to relate to other same policies and project and make several recommendations in the implementation of public policies.The article is thitherfore useful to public administrators who intend to implement project in the future. referable to the high level of unemployment, the political situation and the possibility of riots in Oakland, the city was the perfect choice for the experiment. During the first stages of implementation, there was a lot of hope in the plan. It was a new project and was funded by the central government and therefore was given priority over other projects in the city. Due to this, very galore(postnominal) people were concerned with the progress of the project.Leaders and the political elites were very interested in it and were very committed to decisions touching directly on the project. Moreover, the money forthcoming for the implement ation of the project was sufficiently enough to reduce the unemployment level in Oakland significantly. However, the pressure in the implementation was so high and decisions had to be made extravagant (Pressman Wildavsky, 1984). Due to pressure that forced lovesome decisions, projects were chosen and endorsed hurriedly to create the much needed jobs.The original projects included 10. 65 million dollars being allocated for an airport hangar, 10. 5 million dollars for a marine terminal, 2. 2 million dollars for a port industrial park and 414,000 dollars for an access road. Later, other projects like hangars in micro airports, air cargo terminal and airport tower were added to the list. Unfortunately, as the project was being implemented, or so problems emerged. One of the major problems was the false characterization of the experiment by the Economic Development Administration. Previously, government agencies had worked in the rural settings and therefore had a mindset on how su ch policies were to be implemented.Therefore, it became very hard for them to change their get along in the case of Oakland which was an urban center. The excitements of the new project faded very fast while the changes in the leadership and the complicated governance in Oakland retard the implementation of the program. The problems in contracting and delayed implementation resulted in an increase in the total cost of the project. For example the estimated cost of the airport hangar went up by over five million dollars between 1966 and 1968. The changes in the leadership changed the commitment of leadership in the project.As time went on, the leadership in working capital was less committed or concerned with the progress of the project which was basically due to the change in leadership. The Economic Development Administration was also set about with a dilemma of whether to strive to perform and promise since different companies had received loans but had not kept their promise. Many companies did not follow the agreement afterwards receiving the loans. The program was faced with numerous problems such that the number of jobs created was much less than the anticipated at the launch of the program.After analyzing the implementation of EDA in Oakland, the article makes some recommendations based on the failures of the program. The first recommendation is that, in the implementation of a policy, the implementation and the policy cannot be separated. Policy makers should therefore ensure that implementation is set forth of the initial policy making process. To reduce delays, the policy makers should formulate means that can be used to accomplish the program and eliminate the possibility of quick decisions in the implementation process.If the process of making decisions is made simple by making the process simpler, the likelihood of delays and possibility of failure is greatly reduced. The creations of proper machinery in the implementation and execution of the policy is also essential in the success of the program (Hill Hupe, 2002). The article then relates the analysis of the Oakland scenario with other situations related to the Economic Development Administration such as providing foreign aids. In this situation, there are needs that must be satisfied combined with the need to spend the bills provided in a hurry.These need and the pressure therein does not provide the correct atmosphere for the implementation of the policy. The article concludes that combining different decisions in the implementation of a policy has some positive as well as negative outcomes. Therefore if a policy is good and the execution of the program is also good, then the possibility of positive outcome is high. Similarly, if a policy is bad and the execution is poor, the outcome is also positive. However, if there is a combination of good and bad, there is al airs a problem associated in the implementation and there will be negative outcome.Rather than the individuals involved in the policy implementation cognise that they should be knowing how if the implementation has to yield fruits. Having knowledge on the facts and methods of implementing the policy and how to make things happen is equally important (Pressman Wildavsky, 1984). The two authors, Pressman and Wildavsky make keys suggestions on how policies should be developed. Their suggestions are based on careful analysis of the Oakland Economic Development Administration experimentation.Although the details is the Oakland project are very interesting to the reader, the way the two authors apply these details to other similar projects in the country is more interesting. Although the project implementation took place over four decades ago, the analysis is still very relevant in administration of programs today. The most important lesson from the article is that policy makers should consider the implementation of the policy as important as policy itself. The article also acknowled ges the role of interest groups in the success of any public policy.

Old Orleans Essay Example for Free

Old Orleans EssayWho do you believe is the most to blame for Blanches fate at the end of A Streetcar Named confide? How far do you think Blanche qualifies as a tragic heroine during the course of the play? There are many connecting themes that lead to Blanches long-anticipated downfall. These themes I will talk of in my essay. She is under the influence of fate, her own inner the desire for money. Major themes explored are death, fate and madness. Ironically the title incorporates the word desire, as we retire this as an underlying theme in the novel. The fact that Williams saw an actual streetcar in Old Orleans gives the impression that Williams play is close to own centerfield we know that his sister could be viewed as a representation of Blanche in the play. She too had casual, frequent encounters much like Blanche has in the play. She was a nymphomaniac who was in the long run lobotomised and sent to an asylum. It is clear that A Streetcar Named Desire is personal to t he Playwright wing. Blanche has annoying obsessive behaviour and it is clear that the Writer portrays Blanche as a person who would be clearly hell to live with.Blanche is first introduced in the play as being moth like immediately she is compared in her smartness to the shabby, rundown street ironically named, Elysian Fields She is daintily dressed in a white suit with a fluffy bodice Her appearance is grand and starkly contrasted to the grubby settings. We as well learn that Blanche is snobbish. Eunice is forced to speak . Defensively, nonicing Blanches look. Blanche is unhappy in Old Orleans and she shows that she does not want to be associated with the standard of living, this she shows by her facial expressions and her posture whilst she sits in her chair.We also know she is a secret drinker I rarely touch the stuff . . . Blanches drinking habit could be seen as a fashion of suppressing her guilt and anaesthetising her pain. Blanche has many weaknesses and drinking is o ne of these. She is self-destructive and these weaknesses are largely to blame for own her mental deterioration. Blanche talks to herself, which is considered to be strange Faintly to herself Ive got to keep a hold of myself This is the first clue we get to Blanches declining mental state. We see this as a slightly wild that she talks to herself.Blanche allows as she has done in the past, her sexual desires dominate her life. She is self-destructive although that does not mean that the audience does not have sympathy for her. Stella is aware of Blanches need of flattery it is suggested that Stella knows Blanche too well. She says to Stanley early on divide her she looks pretty. . . Stella is acutely conscious of Blanches need of flattery, and Stella quietly tries to please Blanche by telling Stanley to be nice. Blanche also has obsessive behaviour, which the audience faeces see as real annoying I havent bathed or powered my nose, and yet you are seeing me here. She sings in the bath and cleans all day long, Blanche pesters both Stanley and Stella, but Stanley has more of a short fuse. His tolerance quickly runs out. Blanche is always living in the past. This becomes highly evident when she is idly reminiscing about one of ex-boyfriends Yes I ran into Sheep Huntleigh I ran into him on Biscayne Boulevard, on Christmas Eve, about dusk. Tennessee Williams characters are always trying to capture their former golden moment. Blanche is not living in present reality she cannot bear the infringement of ill-favoured reality into her wonderful make-believe world of the past.. Blanche to some extent is trapped in this rundown street with only her sisters support, which later in the play we know is lost. We feel sympathy towards Blanche at this point because it is clear that at this instance she is quite senseless(prenominal). Blanche has a constant need to be flattered. She ceaselessly fishes for compliments from Stanley, Mitch and Stella Stella you havent s ay one thing about my appearance. Blanche has a fixation in her head that her looks are e rattlingthing to her she is very self-absorbed Do you know I havent put on one ounce since you left Belle Reve. She boasts about the fact she is still beautiful she is scared, however that people only see her for her looks as she never wants to look anything less than her best I will not be seen in this light . . . Blanche does not like looking plain or aged because it makes her feel peanut and unwanted she likes to have the constant assurance of someone telling her she looks nice so she can feel good I need kindness right now Blanches growing madness becomes evident at the beginning of the play I cant be alone.Because as you must have noticed Im not very well . . . Later on in the play the audience sees Blanches character unfold. We see that she is highly manipulative and flirts with men to get them to do what she wants, although it does not work with Stanley as we see early on She smiles at him radiantly Do you think it possible that I was once considered to be attractive?. . . This quotation is viewing that Blanche is treading dangerously in flirting with her sisters husband. We have a great deal of insight into Blanches sexual fundamentground.We know from her past that she was very promiscuous and she indulged into one-night stands at the Hotel Flamingo, back in Laurel. Blanche does this in order to feel needed because she wants to be noticed You have got to be seductive . . . put on soft colours and cauterise make a inadequate temporary magic and glow We feel sympathy that Blanche has to sleep with men but this is very seedy behaviour and very much a personal weakness that Blanche cannot change. Her promiscuity leads her to the acknowledgement that her life is nothing in the hotel she tries to get away from her past but it keeps catching up with her.Stanley and Mitch remind her of this. Blanche again in her critical speech about magic stresses the i mportance of appearance I dont know how much longer I can turn the trick. You have to be soft and attractive, and Im fading now. Mitch is taken in by Blanches manipulation. The relationship between Blanche and Mitch could be seen as an escape route into reality, as it is what Blanche needs a house of her own and a permanent relationship to settle down in. Blanche lies to Mitch about her own age and Stellas I call her little in spite of the fact she is somewhat older than I.

The Inclusive Education Policy In Myanmar Education Essay

The Inclusive Education Policy In Myanmar Education EssayThis research focuses on the old and lower secondary direct students with disabilities for the purpose to address the instructional requirefully of CWDs in Myanmar. In addition, unity of the nearly important concerns in the Myanmar knowledgeal sector is how CWDs can be provided with opportunities to compress responsibility for their scholarship doneout the concepts of community involvement and technical assistance to achieve a sustainable future.The political and social context is discussed in impairment of inter provinceal policy reforms and initiatives, e finickyly the Salamanca Statement that agreed to ensure a basic education for whole children, including CWDs. The Salamanca Framework for Action (1994) was a significant milestone in the education for CWDs and recommended the mode of service delivery of timing and intervention that linked to inclusive practices. National-level policy and natural laws as they r elate to CWDs ar briefly depict in service delivery, and increase aw arness about the educational opportunities for them. Moreover, the governing tries to get ahead the concerted efforts harmoniously for the grapheme of life of PWDs at pleasant. correspond to the centering of the EFA-NAP, the following activities atomic number 18 being implementedProviding uncreated teach textbooks worth over 1835.51 million kyats in free of charges for over 5 million primary students to initiate free, compulsory primary educationPreparing the designs for scholarships and stipends which will be implemented starting from 2012-13AY in basic and higher education sectors andEnacting the private domesticate adaptation law and developing rules and regulations in coordination with concerned departments to contri bute the education services by the private sector.For improving the quality of aim education, observe and supervision mechanism has been settleed since 2006-07 AY by focusing on the teaching and learning process. Basic education schools were classified by 5 levels (A, B, C, D, E) based on applying the following monitoring and supervision criteria such(prenominal) asAccomplishment of the school principalLevel of school attendanceImplementation of monthly lesson plansStudents achievementsUse of teaching aids, facilities laboratoriesCultivating morale and morals cognitive content of teaching staffAdequate classrooms and furnitureSchool sanitation and tidinessAdequate teaching aids and multimedia facilitiesGreening of a school campus andGood physical setting of schools.Myanmar has made progress in the education sector to fulfill MDG 2 Achieve universal primary education with the head of ensuring that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling however the dropout number still high in secondary school level. A total of 92 organizations including Myanmar and 25 international faces reaffirmed commitment to the goals of Education for All (EFA), recognizing the necessity and urgency of providing an education for children and youth with particular(a) need within the regular education system. By the official data on net enrollment in primary schools was 84.6% in 2010 (MOE, 2010, EFA in Myanmar) and the sexual practice discrimination has mostly been removed from basic education enrollment. However, the net enrollment rates in secondary and tertiary education be very low. The quality of education at all levels remains a serious concern.Inclusive education (IE) is to support education for all, with fussy emphasis on removing barriers to participation and learning for girls and women, disadvant growd groups, children with disabilities and out-of-school children. The core point of IE is the basic right to education, which is rooted in many international human rights treaties since the UDHR adopted in 1948. The capital of Senegal Education Forum (2000) reaffirmed that educat ion was a fundamental human right and lowlined the importance of a rights-based government actions in implementing EFA activities at the national level. The agreements on the principles and standards of IE spelt out the international human rights instruments and a rights-based education system. Myanmar government applies a rights-based approach to education in their programming and planning processes.It will also briefly discuss possible entry points and tools to move forward. In addition, it is hoped that this research will increase understanding of human rights importance in underpinning development cooperation programming, as well as fostering a discussion on the practical aspects of implementing such programming. Many of the chores be related to to the wishing of education quality, relevance and elision of learning. There is a well-recognized link amongst overcoming the barriers of learning and achieving the EFA goals. Government and schools principals must, therefore, pay specific attention to children who should be in school, and be non, and to children who are in school, but are unable to succeed there.At the present, MOE is making special arrangements for the disabled and other excluded children to attend formal schools and to continue their education receiving special care and attention. In Myanmar, IE programs were formulated to accommodate for all children careless(predicate) of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic or other conditions. These programs include all vulnerable children such as CWDs children form nomadic families, orphans, street children, and other disadvantaged children. No.25 Basic Education Primary School (Yangon) is the best witness of MOE in implementing IE. A new multi-pronged dodging for the capacity building in Teacher Education can promote the progressive adoption of effective teaching and learning methodologies for all CWDs at all levels. MOE and other partners strengthen educational man agement for the Basic Education Sector Plan that supports the Governments education service delivery to meet commodities needs at the school level.IE is a programme that creates opportunities for CWDs to pursue education together with non-disabled children in mainstreaming schools. It can bring about the educational opportunities for them. Nowadays, CWDs who have completed their primary education through special schools are now able to continue their education in mainstreaming schools by keeping abreast with other non-disabled children. IE jibe to the statistics data from MOE in 2011 showed that, there were 801 disable children in mainstreaming schools, 1450 children in special schools for the stratagem and the deaf, 30 disable students in universities and colleges and 6 disable students in master degree courses in 2010-11 AY.The government policy was developed and practiced with policy reform to fill the gap in legal and policy development. As par hearing from the media, the advo cacy for constituent disabled issue more and more in Myanmar. The government policy and legal change occur on resetting criteria for definition of PWDs. Out of nine criteria (international norms), somewhat implementation processes of IE use four criteria to define the PWDs. To be more specific about educational opportunities for CWDs, the government agrees to provide all children (including all regardless of physical condition) equal opportunity to learn basic education. In the actual situation, there has a gap between policy and practice.The concept of IE mode welcoming all children, without discrimination, in formal schools. Indeed, it is a focus on creating environments responsive to the differing developmental capacities, needs, and potentials of all children. Inclusion means a shift in services from simply trying to fit the child into normal settings it is a supplemental support for their disabilities on special needs and promoting the childs overall development in an optima l setting. It calls for respect of difference and diversity of individual characteristics and needs. This has to include a consideration of overall organization, curriculum and classroom practice, support for learning and staff development.By the collaboration and cooperation of MOE, DSW is implementing inclusive education for the students with disabilities especially for the Blind and the Deaf students. similarly, inclusive education workshops were held throughout the country and the teachers from the MOE and the staffs from DSW were also attended. Myanmar is now implementing six sectors for PWDs across the nation such asEnhancing Education Standard,Improving Vocational Trainings and Job Opportunities,Promoting Health Care Service,Enhancing Reintegration into the Society,Upgrading Capacity Building and Morale, andProviding Social Needs.In this situation, if the service providers can make the concerted efforts harmoniously, the life quality of PWDs will surely be enhanced and pleas ant. Inclusive education can bring about the educational opportunities for CWDs. some(a) NGOs and DPOs are collaborating with the Department of Social Welfare, the Department of Basic Education and the Department of Health for CWDs, who have completed their primary and lower secondary education level through special schools, able to continue their education.3.6.1 Implementing processes of IE by I/LNGOsTLMI is involving a little part in this area of IE implementation processes. They exclusively yield trainings for teachers on hindrance issues, the importance of CWDs to get the opportunity to attend schools like any other children and providing some barrier free arrangement in selected schools. TLMI is running(a) with the parents of CWDs to convince to send the formal school and on the other hand they also try to engage with school principals to accept and pay attention for those children. Also they proposed the education need of PWDs in the Draft disabled law, advocate the decisi on makers and teacher, and we are working together with U Tin Nyo, retired DG from MOE who is very interest in IE for CWDs.Myanmar Independent Living Initiative (MILI) has concrete plan to implement the IE programs for children with cross-disabilities, they could not take shape it yet fully because their organization is full one year old still young. But, some executive members of MILI organization are actively involved in comprehensive disability law drafting process to ensure the educational rights of PWDs. The Long experience of disability inclusive education for five years, the community-based rehabilitation programs mainly supported poor children with disabilities to go to mainstream schools, advocated parents and education teachers for disability inclusive education and renovated the schools to be accessible for students with disabilities in collaboration with Department of basic education, DSW, local anesthetic PWDs Self-help Organizations and other pertinent stakeholders .That organization has think to work in IE policy for PWDs by following kinds of strategiesAwareness raising and advocacy for disability inclusive education policy lawCapacity building of educational officers and staffs, and parents as wellSupport children with disabilities for their mainstream and special schoolsChange the schools as accessible friendly places for disabled childrenStrengthen the collaboration among government departments, non-government sectors and relevant stakeholders to ensure the educational right of disabled children promised land initiated the despatch of IE implementing in formal schools and the plan for barrier free renovation such as walkways, seat toilet and one handrail that fixed in the toilet. In that project, 80 IE students were gathered at Eden Centre for CWDs. Also Eden celebrated the township level awareness meeting for introducing to the teachers for successfully implemented IE policy. It means that the principals and teachers from 21 schools a re introducing IE awareness about IE at their schools. Therefore, IE process can only succeed through strong collaboration and cooperation amongst all shareholders especially from the government set and the donor site as well.Eden is cooperating with DSW and MOE. According to their advice, they held workshops and trainings for awareness raising workshop with DSW and MOE and shared awareness about IE and disability issue to other I/LNGOs staff, local authorities, other stakeholders and teachers from mainstream schools. EDEN organizes a series of mobile training courses throughout Myanmar aimed at helping improve the lives of disabled people which focus on activities such as CBR, IE and disability development. Through the help of DSW and Department of Basic Education No. (1), (2) and (3), awareness training not only about IE but also the Social Model of Disability was conducted in mainstream schools.PWDs in Yangon have more chances to access this information with help from NGOs and D SW, but those living in pastoral areas having operoseies due to inconvenient transportation and need of mobility, U Hta Oke said. Im pleased about the growing number of people working in the field, but most of them are using a charity approach, which involves giving food, money, tools and other necessities, he said. Not many are using a life-based approach, which means providing training so they can stand on their own feet.Moreover, for the educational status of children with hearing/seeing/ intellectual disabilities in Myanmar is inadequate and behind-the-times. There is only the DSW has one project on sign spoken language especially for people with hearing disability. There is no standard educational practice. Teachers learn by copying the methods of older teachers. According to the UN CRPD agreement emphasizes bi-lingual/bi-cultural education for people with hearing disability. The Mary Chapman School in Yangon uses the philosophy Total Communication that is method has been a widely adopted language policy in deaf education from the 1970s. But this philosophy is out-dated. Graduation rates are very low. In Yangon Division, only 14 students with hearing disability have passed high school and only six have graduated from university until 2011-2012 academic years.Undertaking All School-age Children in School planIn Myanmar, all school aged children in school project (ACIS) was implemented by the MOE by collaborating with UNICEF since 1994 with the aims of reducing the number of over-aged out of school children, eliminating non-school going populace, ensuring that all school aged children to attend school and increasing the enrollment rate of primary level students. They designed the last week of May as the Whole state School Enrollment Week.3.6.2 Special schools which are supported IE for CWDsMyanmar has a policy of IE, which means disabled students, including those who are blind, are takeed to attend classes in mainstream schools. This register found that mainstream schools are not properly equipped to cater for students with disabilities which mean that most CWDs are forced to attend special schools, despite the policy. There are challenges to implementing the policy, since schools lack the required resources and facilities.Myanmar Christian Fellowship of the Blind (MCFB) was founded on 4th August, 1975, to upgrade the basic level of education afforded to blind people in coif to increase opportunities of leading independent in life styles. That foundation encourages beneficiaries in education specific to their needs including vocational training, as well as a focus on how to cope as a blind parent and job placements. The MCFB accepts children aged five and above and enrolls a similar method to the government mainstreaming schools. At that school, students can learn from grade 1 to 5 and then they can continue their secondary education in formal school. That school charges Kyats 15,000 a year for day students and Kyats 40,000-5 0,000 for boarding students, which covers accommodation, meals and tuition fees. However, there are over 700 blind and visually impaired students receive a formal or vocational education.The schools should be equipped with teaching materials in Braille, and teachers who know how to teach the blind by using Braille, said Mr. Thein Lwin, the general secretary of MCFB.Also in an call into question with the principal of the Kyee Myint Daing School for the Blind found that the school accepts children from age six to 16, who are taught to the fourth standard. After they finished the primary education, they are sent to a formal school to continue their secondary education. The school and provides has both day students and boarders with free of charges for all fees of food and accommodation. The school can accept 200 students for one academic year.Mary Chapman School for the Deaf accepts children from the ages of five to 18. At that school, children can learn regular curriculum that is tau ght in formal schools together with speech reading, hitchhike spelling and sign language. Moreover, children at that school over 10-year of aged are taught reading, writing and arithmetic and vocational training such as tailoring, knitting, book binding, bag-making, grooming and massage. The school fee is Kyats 6,000 per month including meals for students.The School for Disabled Children in Mayangone Township in Yangon is operated by the DSW. That school accepts both physically and mentally disabled children between the ages of six to 18 and teaches the standard curriculum up to the fourth standard. It has developed a special curriculum for children with a learning disability that take into score the extent of their disability and their capacity to learn. The current admission fee is Kyats 10,000 for one academic year.Further, while the study found that, the technical for education and training initiatives are not new to Myanmar. As a result of some recent educational developments and reforms, it is new to some teachers and learners both in curriculum and methods of delivery.Special Program for Over-aged ChildrenThis program is one of the branches of all school aged children in school especially for over-aged children. It was started in 2003-04 AY at basic education schools. If the child has between the age of 7 and 8, he/she will complete the primary education within 3 years and if the child has over 9 years of age, this accelerated program enables to complete his/her primary education within 2 years.Monastic Education SystemUnder the supervision the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the monastic basic education schools are initiated by collaborating with the MOE. They use the formal basic education curriculum of MOE but the schooling hour is flexible according to the students availability. This program is so benefit for the marginalized children including CWDs that is complementary to the formal education system. In 2010-11 AY, there were about 1431 Monastic schools (1071 primary schools, 246 post primary schools, 112 middle schools and 2 high schools) with 0.215 million students including novices and nuns. Currently, at least 40% of all students in Myanmar are attending at these monastic schools. The research found that it is still very few opportunities for CWDs if we compared to the entire nation.3.7 Problems of accessibility to education faced by PWDsThe principle of basic education as a right based approach has been accepted internationally. However, a crowing number of CWDS are not able to complete a minimum number of school years in most developing countries. They face a variety of barriers beforehand coming to school and even within the school. This research findings highlighted the problems of CWDs to access education that although the regulation and laws on inclusive education for all excluded children have been well open up in Myanmar. The government runs the IE as the national level education development plan, however, th ere is a lack of educational assistive materials such as Braille books, Braille writing frames and syllabuses, qualitative/standard papers for writing in Braille, assistive devices for mathematical teaching or learning, and sign language interpreters. For these reasons and because of the lack of skilled teachers, the IE systems benefits have not been realized.Learning through the restricted environment has also been one the most critical issues of educational opportunities for PWDs that needs to be addressed in order to create equality and equitable education in Myanmar. The current education system does not suit for PWDs in plain area, specifically in promoting the education standard of CWDs. In fact, there are several factors that influence over the education opportunity for CWDs. In addition, the researcher tries to look for what are those factors, challenges, and obstacles in pursuing education in the community. The following data are contributed by the PWDs and community repr esentatives during the field research.Towards the attainment of MDGs, many challenges still remain with regard to special focus which is required on hard-to-reach areas. A need of advocacy with more focus on duty bearer is a strategy to make sure of the long term commitment. The policy needs to be rewritten with a better understanding of authorities, duty bearers and duty holders. Moreover, the accessible services for PWDs in Myanmar is very little, only those who live in cities could access to those services and even then they need to get to such places where by need a contend of barriers to overcome to get there and money factor is another big barrier. In 2008, there are only 100 Physiotherapists appointed in hospitals under ministry of health.According to the First Myanmar National Disability Survey 2010 showed that there were only 50% of PWDs in Myanmar never attended school, out of which 66.5% enrolled in primary schools, 22.2% in secondary schools. Some kind of problems conce rned with CWDs. A large percentage of those who do attend mainstream schools soon drop-out because of unfriendly attitudes and environments in educational settings. They often occur negative treatment from their peers who are not sensitized to disability issues. Most teachers and school principals are not familiar with the idea of including. In Myanmar, one of the southeastern United States Asian countries, most of the people are still discriminate and exclude the CWDs traditionally. They believe money can make CWDs to be happy. Its not right. In special schools, there have IE projects for all CWDs. It can only the way to make in those childrens lives to be valuable.While the enrollment rate increase just about 100% every year at school opening seasons, there is alarming about 40-50% dropping out before they completed in their primary education so one could imagine for students with disabilities. There is little help for schooling opportunities for students with disabilities wit h the current situation because of the low awareness about the disability issue, ill-use traditional believes and practice, less accessible resources (Brielle, sign language, teaching aids, Buildings, etc.), Low prioritization and no special law and regulation to protect them. Among the four types of disabilities, accessibility for physical disability, blind and deaf disability may be about 3. For people with intellectual disability is 0.05.The vast majority of CWDs never attended school and that a large percentage of the ones who do attend mainstream schools soon drop out due to inaccessible school infrastructure, lack of learning scopes, improper learning process and unfriendly school environment. But amongst the children that are not in any form of educational setups, a large majority shows a keen interest to win education. CWDs may have many of the problems that affect children at risk. The difficulties and problems are not because of their impairments but because of several b arriers around their environments.During this field research, the researcher notified that there is an absence of dependable and consistent data on the educational status of children according to their disabilities. This makes it difficult for educators, policy-makers and programmers to understand the nature of the problem, and identify possible solutions. Moreover, the current teaching methods are not addressing to the individual needs of students with disabilities by lacking training and experience of teachers in teaching and handling them. Currently, the education of CWDs is concerned by DSW. For this reason, it is difficult to mainstream the program. Education for CWDs needs to be addressed by the MOE by collaborating with DSW and other stakeholder organizations.Economic FactorsThe high cost of instructional materials of CWDs further curtailed their access to all inclusive education services. Some representatives from DPOs were also presented about the cross section of economic factors of CWDs families to access education. To summarize the various agreements on poverty issues that is seriously hindering the CWDs from accessing education. Poverty is not only affected on the accessibility of basic education for CWDs but also for other children.In other the school drop-out CWDs case, many of them are suffering from an unfilmed or undiagnosed disability. If the community aware more about the disability issue, they could try to improve education for those children, but right now the illiteracy rate of this population is so high and that caused an economic burden on countries. In the failure to include those CWDs, most of the community members are ignoring an important step in our attempt to eradicate poverty. Poverty and lack of knowledge on disability issues are the major problems accessing education for CWDs. Poverty would stand out on discharge as there are livelihood opportunities for parents who are poor and having CWDs in the family.The researcher agre es with the respondents that because of the perceived added costs of health related problems, the problem is relatively deeper when the CWDs are involved. More than half of the population of PWDs lives in rural areas detached from the benefits of information and communication, transportation, and certain advanced technological facilities. Indeed the high cost of equipments, coupled with the rampant(ip) poverty predetermines the near or total absence of instructional materials. There does not seem to be a policy to ensure the massive statistical distribution of these materials.School infrastructureThe lack of matching infrastructure necessary for the integration was identified as a key challenge to all inclusive education services. Most of the schools infrastructures are not comfortable for children with physical and visual disabilities. There are many environmental barriers for wheelchair movement. In schools that are at least both stories high, there is no way to climb up the stai r by children in wheelchairs or using crutches. Parents of physically disabled children have to be carried up stairs and the doors are also not large enough for wheelchairs to pass through. Lack of classroom adaptations hinders the movement of children with disabilities including the furniture of the classrooms and accessible toilets. These barriers are so difficult to access IE.A key problem is the lack of clear policy guiding I/LNGOs interventions in education for students with disabilities. Another barrier is the lack of unquestionable information and statistics which could back up planning and funding processes. All schools are under the Ministry of Education, but the development issues of CWDs are still under the DSW. Existing policies related to education and disabilities were found to be contradictory to each other. Appropriate policy formulation adaptation is required to overcome the barriers.Moreover, the budget for education is the basic need and awareness of duty bearer s and duty holders need to be promoted along with its legal and policy development. It is somehow, inclusion body is not a subject of Teachers training college, training methods tools are not available in Myanmar. Insufficient knowledge of inclusive teaching methodologies, lack of public awareness about the needs and opportunities of this target group and lack of funding to support inclusive education for CWDs are all retaining these children from receiving an education and being included in wider society.It is found that to be depended upon the individual teachers or school principals interest to initiate and include in the mainstream education system. Most of the services are available only in Major City such as Yangon, Mandalay and Sagine where 27% of PWDs are aware of existing social services, while only a third of those ever touch oned the agency.Isolation and negative attitude by peersAccording to the EFA strategy, all schools are found to be enforcing IE process regarding the CWDs but there are no insulting them, special support for them, no strenuous work for them. In some cases, some non-disabled children perceive some CWDs as contagious and fear that they will transmit from those disabilities. Some superstitious parents of non-disabled children want to prevent their children from making friends with CWDs. This is one factor that upsets one of CWDs.Information and awareness sectorAs to the awareness of NGOs who provide services for PWDs, 14.7% know of their presence but just over 1.7% of those who are aware of the services had ever contacted NGOs. Concerning special institutions, 20.2% of PWDs have knowledge about special institutions but only less than 1.7% of them ever had contact with them. Only 14.6% of PWDs know about the existence of organizations for and of PWDs whereas only 2.5% of them ever been involved with those organizations. Participation of PWDs in IE policy is not a big problem for physically disabled persons. The big problem is I E and vocational training for ID. Government, I/LNGOs and DPOs need to do a lot of it.Unavailable trained teachers in adopting students with disabilitiesThe lack of enough trained teachers has predetermined that CWDs lack the specialized care they need. This could be explained by lack of awareness and disability related facilities like ramps, special toilet facilities, learning materials by the parents. Teachers can integrate the virtue of education levels, roles and responsibilities by being exposed the requirements of CWDs in the community. In almost all schools, the students with disabilities allow to sit in front of the classrooms. Nevertheless in some schools, there was no effort to support for CWDs in this regard. The researcher noticed that one student with hearing disability was sitting at the back of the classroom that worsen her learning skill. When the researcher asked her class teacher about it, she said that the child had not told her about it.Teaching methodAnother pro blem faced by CWDs is the traditional methods of teaching and learning that has little scope for addressing diverse learning needs of students, lack of continuous assessment of individual learners, and a serious shortage of assistive devices and learning materials all act as major barriers to CWDs. There is no special curriculum for CWDs in mainstream schools but there are some special schools for CWDs, which unfortunately those schools are not located in and around the rural area.If CWDs can able to access formal education in the mainstream schools, they can gain not only education, but also the opportunity for social inclusion with their non-disabled friends that are so important to practice for their life-skills. Summarizing the interview with one student with intellectual disability from special school shared his feeling that he treasured to attend the school and he would like to live with his friends. If he stays at home, he feels so lonely and bored because he has nothing to do at home. He wants t