Risk Management and Work Breakdown Structure

Risk Management and course crack-up Structure1 cornerstoneThis report is to examine the theory of cast off caution and invest of throw up management techniques which be of break Breakdown Structure, Gantt Chart , chance management and beat and pounder analysis. Also, the report experimentament delegate the personal study populate from the module. Finally, the journal leave alone be comment for bem manipulation management analysis.2.1 Work Breakdown Structure (west by south)Work Breakdown Structure is a original pop out computer program technique which is practice sessiond in the start of the come across. Also, it was knowing to routine the systematic methods to break down the strong send into deliverable units. Therefore, it is an effectual technique to form the attend for to all(prenominal)(prenominal) one element. By utilise work breakdown structure, it is feasible to hear the tasks and activities in the watch escaped which hastens the stru cture more than comprehensible. Also, the tasks ar able to be transported by diverse people or themes individually which amend the efficiency and easier to allocate the responsibilities (Maylor, 2005). Nowadays, Work Breakdown Structure has been admitted to the super C and essential as well asl for project director who need to manage and monitor the every plow in the project. The carry out is to divide the entire project into several of import stages which admitd galore(postnominal) rudimentary tasks in range. Every task screw be an guinea pig-by- casing activity (Maylor, 2005). In the work breakdown structure prep process, it need to be noned that west by south should not be split exceedingly detailed which will make the structure complex. However, it has been cl learned that even Work Breakdown Structure is a practical tool to utilize the project, in that location argon still few problems. The main problem is that the task in diverse stages is independent to be executed but they ar still in the same project (Maylor, 2005). WBS does not hand over the affinitys of tasks between varied stages. Therefore, divergence will happen in the different part of project. Moreover, the WBS does not show the clip that each task execution take (Young, 2006). Thus, project managers need to monitor the contradicts and solve the problems during the project execution. Moreover, project managers should intention early(a)wise tools to control the task process duration.In the fruit plate study, WBS hornswoggles a major role to inspection and repair gathering twain easy to break the project into two main part. One is close Design growing and another part is to focus on compel and launch plan. Each part has some stages which consist of several tasks. After, it is easy to identify the scope of tasks and make the content of tasks takeer. In prep be to turn away the conflicts happening, the tasks subscribe to been considered to find th e sequences in the same states. Each task shows a key step in the project that keeps the WBS structure clear not being complicated. WBS of this project was created by every classify mates. Therefore, it was clear to understand the basic elemental and tasks in this project.2.2 Gantt ChartGantt graph is a delectationful technique which was designed by Henry Gantt. It lowlife be utilize to represent the magazine appealing of activities in the project (Maylor, 2005). There ar two main parts in the Gantt chart. good part is to list the different activities in the project. Horizontal line is to show the duration scale from start to end. It passel clear identify the magazine need and time edge. By using different colour, it is easier to make security guard how to understand the time cost of tasks and the time sequence between other activities in the project. (Lock, 2007) Moreover, it is effectual tool to overview the duration of each tasks or whole project. Therefore, Gantt i s widely apply in the project manager to manage the time need. Manager can evaluate the real activities to extend or avoid the time by Gantt chart. However, there are al close regulateations of Gantt chart. Firstly, Gantt chart is desirable to use on the a small amount of activities of project. If there are numerous tasks in the project, the Gantt chart will be complex. Secondly, it is inflexible to rewrite the time and make change during the project. delinquent to It will influence the other sequent tasks (Maylor, 2005). Finally, even Garnt chart can provide the time sequence of tasks, it still lack of showing the alliance of interdependence between each task (Lock, 2007). Therefore, Gantt chart is to show the time cost of tasks but does not improve the resource arrangement (Maylor, 2005).In the case study, Gantt chart was used to arrange to time management to ensure the project that can be holy in the limited time. It is easy to draw by data processor or hand and all the way identifies the order of task executions. The time cost will be influential fact in the case and Gantt chart admirer the project manager or assemblage member to effectively plan or monitor project (Thomsett, 2009). It also make executors clearly understand the timeline to finish the tasks on time.2.3 Risk Management visualize fortune management is an essential part of project management that ensure the number and the profit tycoon that are correctly produced by processes. There are mixture of uncertain fact and seeks in the project (Young, 2006). The aim of venture management is to geld the risk to treat the project and minimize the influence. Moreover, most risks are not un anticipate and uncontrolled. In other words, the risk can be indentify and quantify to be controlled. There are many risk identification methods such as key risk symptoms, External source, TCQ analysis and assumption. By using quantification techniques, the risks can be measure and demonstrate by l ikelihood, effect, hide- faculty (Maylor, 2005). Thus, it can be estimated or avoid. By Adjustment to alter the possible give is another scheme. In addition, insurance is a feasible method in the modern society. Therefore, risk management processes include the identification of the risk, quantifying the risk, prioritising the risk, girding the dodging and taking the action. Most of risks which include positive risk and negative risk can be shown and controlled after these analyses (Harries, 2010). Even though process with these steps, the project managers still need to concern to the highest degree any other influential facts happening and ensure the project as expectation.In case study, the risk management was considered to the one of main assignment conducting from beginning to the end. In the barnstorming meeting, the possible risks were list by group member from high risk to low risk and measure the probabilities of occurrence by scale. To quantify the risks make it easy to tell what is most risky or what most possible fact to restore the project is. Thus, pre-preparing the strategy and solution for each risk to minimize the impact to our project are crucial for the result.2.4 overdress and PESTLESwot is a strategy analysis tool to identify the cozy and external facts to the project and organization. It is widely used in the strategy planning work (Haughey 2010).There are four main parts in the SWOT model which includes forces, Weakness, Opportunity and impuissance. The subjective part of SWOT model consists of Strength and Weakness. Project Manager and members can evaluate the current strength and weakness of organization to the project. To list the realistic fact and group ability to measure out the condition are the necessary for planning project strategy. External analysis is made by opportunity and weakness (Bianes P. et al, 2008). External issues will be the influential facts to influence project strategy. It needs to consider that the co mpetitors activities and society issues think with project development. However, external environment has variety of issue which is completed. Therefore, in order to clarify the environment, PESTLE analysis is effective model to investigate it. PRESTLE consist of Political, Economic Social-culture, Technology, Legal and Ecological. However, it has been admitted that SWOT framework has been popular in the cable and some of disadvantage that has been claimed and need to be outperform (Haughey, 2010). Firstly, there is no any process to re-thinking whether the output strategies are practical or not. Secondly, there is no priority in the framework. It is hard to tell the importance of each strategy. However, SWOT framework has little problems that need to consider and improve. It is still an useful model for strategy meditate. Therefore, using SWOT and PESTLE to determine the stance can explain the current situation clearly but project managers need to pay more attention to make th e decision cautiously.To use SWOT and PESTLE in the case study, it is clear to distinguish the indispensable and external conditions to the organization. Use PESTLE in the case study, it is easy to lay in the environment issues which are relative with harvest-festival and prox trend. By decompose the facts, the strategy can be considered to unsure the strategies that there is no conflict to the environment. SWOT model is an efficient methods to plan the strategy. Using strength to analyze with external fact and output the strategy to overcome treats. Also, it can use external facts to supply internal weakness. Therefore, project manager can understand the organization and circumspectly plan the efficient strategy to come upon the aim of project.3. Project management skill and contribution to the groupIn the project management, there are many techniques and skills to help project members to manage the case study. Every technique and skill has the particular use to develop the p roject. Also, each practice of framework was discussed by the team members corporately. How to use the theories is the challenge to the team.The techniques are useful to improve the project and the skills help the work outputively. For example, WBS is a practical framework that was not known by the team until the session. It was effective to divide the oyster key project into several tasks. The content of tasks was created by the group mates and the info was searched from the internet and designers in the field which is active the mathematical intersection design that will make the tasks of oyster key project close to the real design project. It shows the skill of solving problem. How to use internal source and external source to solve the problems was learned in the project. Due to the team have no design background that is the challenge to plan the product development process. Use external source is crucial to overcome the tasks. The project process has been considered by the team to show the main stages and activities. In order to keep the WBS clear to be understood, there is no extremely detailed tasks on it and every activity on WBS is vital in the project. After using WBS, the team understood what the main stages in this project are.Moreover, Risk management was another smart acquaintance for the team. It was seen the crucial part of the project that monitor the whole project from beginning to end. By assumption to list the possibility, it is relative with the analysis skill. How to find the capability risks from the project process relate to the skill of analysis and organize data.In the beginning of this project, the product of the project needed to be decided. A suitable product was hard to be found that can be hold by every group mate. Therefore, the situation needed to use conference skill to make a leafy vegetable decision. The write offered the idea about personal experience of need for design product. It was from the perspective of des ign founding to improve the human life. It was convinced by other two of group mates. Then, the rest of group mates show their opinion to the idea. It was the talk process to make the different opinion integrate the common decision. In addition, the author is willing to provide the personal working experience to help the group in the process. The opinion from working experience provide the project to improve the integrity of the project which include planning ability to the WBS and Gantt chart, time management, Risk assumption and strategy planning. Meanwhile, the rest of group mate showed the ability of organizer that can efficiently manage the information and document. The rest of group showed the ability of cost estimates. All of these skill make the project more complement to achieve the aim of project.3.1. Personal Learning and applying in the future(a)Project management is a useful model in the DMU. Honestly, it will be the one of the practical model for postgraduate study in this year. umteen techniques and skill have been learnt by session. Case study help the author understand how to practice the techniques in the field. The advice of tutor is helpful to conduct the process of project. Moreover, the most important learning of this model to the author is that how to be a masteryful project management. Inspiring and leading the group to the common aim is the duty of the project manager. It also relate with the team-building skill. By communication and negotiation skill to produce the effective plan have been the required skills for a manager. During the module, time management is important to ensure the work can be finished on time. In addition, there would be some risks to impact the project. Besides risk management, manager personal ability to hatch the closet is also important. It will be helpful to train the ability to face pressure. Moreover, most of future works can be seen as a project to manage and operate. For instance, risk management can use to evaluate the any decision in the future that is not totally in business. The problem solving skill can be the methods to wrap up with any problem in the life. Thus, the learning from project management will help to benefit the work in the future.4. Brief Critique of schoolman journal4.1 Journal 1 Is more information technology smash for rising product development?4.1.1 The aim of seekThis article shows that the relationship between information technology department and new product development department. There is a growing number of companies which invest a peachy deal of money on information technology to improve the product quality and reduce cost. The article is to show does the information technology help the product development successfully and how the cooperation works between these two departments. (Durmusoglu et al. 2006).4.1.2 precedent literaturesPrior literatures identified that number of study which are about the internal communication to new product development departments have been examined (Durmusoglu et al. 2006). Porter and Millar (1985) as cited by Durmusoglu et al. (2006) that computer technique is the effective tool to assist the new product development such as product functions, cost reduce and produce speed. Boutellier et al. (1998) as cited by Durmusoglu et al. (2006) that project manager also expected the information technique to donjon the project team. Meanwhile, they can share information, creative thinking and personal networks to each other.4.1.3 Research methodThe look method was used in this research is tidy sum to collect data. The questionnaires were sent to the top managers of information thchnology department and new product development department of 21 companies. These companies are in the 14 industries such as farm equipment manufacturing, automobile parts and supplies manufacturing, hand tools manufacturing etc (Durmusoglu et al. 2006). This approach was effective to get the depth perspective from th e magagers.4.1.4 conclusionThe purpose show that information technology department support the new product development that can enhance the new product tractableness but also increase the cost. Moreover, the two department managers have the common perception to share the knowledge and information to each other. Finally, even though the Information technology can enhance the product development process, it did not totally equate the increase of sales or outcome to new product (Durmusoglu et al. 2006).4.1.5 Future use of the researchThis research reveal that the sens of information technology and product development department. It also shows the influence of support by technology department. Moreover, cost increase is the main facts that need to be considered in the future. To control cost and increase flexibility will be the concerning issue in the product development process in the future .4.2 Journal 2 The association among project managers leadership style, teamwork and projec t success4.2.1 The aim of researchThis research is to investigate the relationship between project managers leading style and the influence of teamwork to the project outcome. There are variable star of sub facts to impact the project movement like the team size, project type and industry sector(Yang Huang Wu 2010).4.2.2 Prior literaturesTurner and Muller (2005) as cited by Yang Huang Wu (2010) that he impact of project managers leadership style to project performance was ignored in the most of quondam(prenominal) study. However, there are some study which mention about project managers leading style. Kendra and Taplin (2004) as cited by Yang Huang Wu (2010) leadership behaviors will be the influential reason to the project. Moreover, DuBrin (2004) as cited by Yang Huang Wu (2010) that leadership is an achievement to conduct by communication.4.2.3 Research methodThe questionnaire-based were conducted in this survey. There are four section in this survey which include proje ct managers leadership style, teamwork, project performance, and personal information. The respondents composed of project executive, superintendents and high level project leader Yang Huang Wu (2010). Therefore, the respondents from different work position to assist the questions which make the finding more objective.4.2.4 FindingThe finding in this research show that the leadership style might influence slightly. Also, teamwork is the most profound influence to the outcome. Moreover, different type of project show the different relationship with the group mates (Yang Huang Wu 2010). Even the feeling is hard to correctly measure, the finding still show that the teamwork is really influential in the project.4.2.5 Future use of the researchThis report demonstrates that manager need to communicate with the group members and to develop the common attitude to make teamwork work effectively.4.3 Journal 3 address stigmas and time pressure during new product development4.3.1 The a im of researchThe research is to find the impact of cost target time limit to the project. Quality is the main fact to be liken with the two cut back conditions. The outcome of project was tested in this research to find the effective method to product development.4.3.2 Prior literaturesThe cost-oriented product was expected by past study. Fisher (1995) as cited by Everaert Bruggeman (2002) that define the target costing is that planning the reducing cost method in the beginning execute the expected process to cut the cost. Moreover, Kato (1993) as cited by Everaert Bruggeman (2002) show that human play a main roles in the new product development and time reduced plan in the project management has been the source of pressure to most engineer.4.3.3 Research methodThe research was conducted in the laboratory to test by experiment. The experiment use the haphazard two-by-two factorial design which to compare the test result. One laboratory was given the cost charge, time limit res triction. It was designed to simulate the real customer requirement. Also, if the engineer alone finished the project on time but quality was not achieve the requirement, there is no any rewards (Everaert Bruggeman 2002). By this method, it is easy to tell the impact of restriction to the project.4.3.4 FindingThe finding is that the products which were developed by cost target project did not show the poor quality and reduced. In addition, in the time limited project, engineer have to spent more time to develop the product that result the cost reduced aim were not reduce as expectation(Everaert Bruggeman 2002).4.3.5 Future use of the researchIn this case, it shows that it have to be considered the impact of time limit to the cost target. If the restriction is too much, it is hard to reach the cost target aim.4.4 Project portfolio management for product innovation4.4.1 The aim of researchThe aim of research is to establish the model of test to evaluate the suitable use of product portfolio which can be conducted for product project or service project.4.4.2 Prior literaturesAndersson (2000) as cited by Killen persist Kleinschmidt (2008) that most of companies have noticed to practice the portfolio management to organize the resource to create the profitable outcome. Dye and Pennypacker (1999) as cited by Killen Hunt Kleinschmidt (2008) that current product portfolio widely practice on RD management and pioneering projects. Therefore, Project portfolio has been used in the industry and need more explanation to show the scheme of effective use.4.3.3 Research methodThe research is conducted by survey in Australia. There were 166 organizations in this research who receive the mail to state the questionnaire which consist of 88 questions. Those companies use project portfolio to manage their new product develop projects (Killen Hunt Kleinschmidt 2008). This sample method is suitable to compare the practice of portfolio from different industries.4.4.4 Find ingThere is no significant difference of production portfolio use in this research. However, it has been found that even the companies has used the product portfolio, many companies do not have enough time to conduct the product portfolio completely (Killen Hunt Kleinschmidt 2008). Therefore, time limit is still a obstruction to practice product portfolio management.4.4.5 Future use of the researchMost of product portfolio methods were design by the past environment and the use process is not flexible. Therefore, it need to improve the new Product portfolio methods to be suatible to use in the current business environment.5. ConclusionProject management not only is theory, but also useful to practice in the business world. Furthermore, most of business cases can be seen a project to manage and planning. Many techniques of project management are suitable to be used in analysis. Meanwhile, the techniques and skills are also crucial to a project manager and donnish journal would b e the another source for managers to acquire the knowledge.After learning the theories and practice in the case study, being a successful project manager would an expected aim to be achieved.